Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak
<p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tahap, hubungan, sumbangan, pemboleh ubah</p><p>kepemimpinan instruksional guru besar (KI), penglibatan ibu bapa dalam pendidikan (PIB), penggunaan</p><p>teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi...
Saved in:
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | thesis |
Language: | zsm |
Published: |
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=8691 |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:8691 |
---|---|
record_format |
uketd_dc |
institution |
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
collection |
UPSI Digital Repository |
language |
zsm |
topic |
|
spellingShingle |
Thian, Vui Shau Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak |
description |
<p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tahap, hubungan, sumbangan, pemboleh ubah</p><p>kepemimpinan instruksional guru besar (KI), penglibatan ibu bapa dalam pendidikan (PIB), penggunaan</p><p>teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi oleh guru prasekolah (TMK), perkembangan profesional guru (PPG),</p><p>pelan pembangunan prasekolah (PPP), dan amalan pengajaran (PB) untuk prasekolah di daerah Kuching,</p><p>Bau, Lundu, Padawan dan Simunjan. Data dari 267 guru prasekolah dianalisis menggunakan data</p><p>deskriptif dan inferensi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa KI mempunyai hubungan yang sangat lemah</p><p>dan signifikan dengan PB (r = .250, p = .001) dan TMK (r = .258, p = .001); sederhana rendah dan</p><p>signifikan dengan PIB (r = .347, p = .001) dan PPP (r = .331, p</p><p>= .001); sederhana dan signifikan dengan PPG (r = .641, p = .001). Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan</p><p>bahawa PIB (.269, p = .001), TMK (.221, p = .001), PPG (r = .293, p</p><p>= .001) dan PPP (r = .253, p =. 001) mempunyai hubungan yang sangat lemah dan signifikan dengan PB.</p><p>Didapati bahawa hanya PPG dan PIB yang menyumbang 10.8% kepada PB (F = 15.925, p = .001). Regresi</p><p>digunakan untuk menganalisis jenis pemboleh ubah pengantara, yang mana pekali beta (R) untuk KI</p><p>terhadap PB masih signifikan untuk setiap pemboleh ubah pengantara. Ini menunjukkan bahawa PIB,</p><p>TMK, PPG, dan PPP adalah pengantara separa. Analisis Permodelan Persamaan Berstruktur (SEM)</p><p>menunjukkan bahawa PIB, TMK, PPG, dan PPP tidak memberi kesan dan tidak signifikan untuk hubungan</p><p>KI dengan PB. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini telah membentuk sebuah model yang sah melalui SEM untuk</p><p>kepentingan pendidikan prasekolah. Implikasi dari kajian ini adalah pembentukan model untuk</p><p>prasekolah, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia, ibu bapa, pentadbir, staf akademik dan guru, teori</p><p>tingkah laku, Bandura dan teori ekologi, Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan</p><p>dan pedagogi.</p><p></p> |
format |
thesis |
qualification_name |
|
qualification_level |
Doctorate |
author |
Thian, Vui Shau |
author_facet |
Thian, Vui Shau |
author_sort |
Thian, Vui Shau |
title |
Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak |
title_short |
Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak |
title_full |
Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak |
title_fullStr |
Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak |
title_full_unstemmed |
Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak |
title_sort |
kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di sarawak |
granting_institution |
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
granting_department |
Pusat Penyelidikan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak Negara |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=8691 |
_version_ |
1776104555784699904 |
spelling |
oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:86912023-02-14 Kesan pelbagai pemboleh ubah pengantara dan hubungan kepimpinan intruksional guru besar dengan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah di Sarawak 2020 Thian, Vui Shau <p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tahap, hubungan, sumbangan, pemboleh ubah</p><p>kepemimpinan instruksional guru besar (KI), penglibatan ibu bapa dalam pendidikan (PIB), penggunaan</p><p>teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi oleh guru prasekolah (TMK), perkembangan profesional guru (PPG),</p><p>pelan pembangunan prasekolah (PPP), dan amalan pengajaran (PB) untuk prasekolah di daerah Kuching,</p><p>Bau, Lundu, Padawan dan Simunjan. Data dari 267 guru prasekolah dianalisis menggunakan data</p><p>deskriptif dan inferensi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa KI mempunyai hubungan yang sangat lemah</p><p>dan signifikan dengan PB (r = .250, p = .001) dan TMK (r = .258, p = .001); sederhana rendah dan</p><p>signifikan dengan PIB (r = .347, p = .001) dan PPP (r = .331, p</p><p>= .001); sederhana dan signifikan dengan PPG (r = .641, p = .001). Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan</p><p>bahawa PIB (.269, p = .001), TMK (.221, p = .001), PPG (r = .293, p</p><p>= .001) dan PPP (r = .253, p =. 001) mempunyai hubungan yang sangat lemah dan signifikan dengan PB.</p><p>Didapati bahawa hanya PPG dan PIB yang menyumbang 10.8% kepada PB (F = 15.925, p = .001). Regresi</p><p>digunakan untuk menganalisis jenis pemboleh ubah pengantara, yang mana pekali beta (R) untuk KI</p><p>terhadap PB masih signifikan untuk setiap pemboleh ubah pengantara. Ini menunjukkan bahawa PIB,</p><p>TMK, PPG, dan PPP adalah pengantara separa. Analisis Permodelan Persamaan Berstruktur (SEM)</p><p>menunjukkan bahawa PIB, TMK, PPG, dan PPP tidak memberi kesan dan tidak signifikan untuk hubungan</p><p>KI dengan PB. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini telah membentuk sebuah model yang sah melalui SEM untuk</p><p>kepentingan pendidikan prasekolah. Implikasi dari kajian ini adalah pembentukan model untuk</p><p>prasekolah, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia, ibu bapa, pentadbir, staf akademik dan guru, teori</p><p>tingkah laku, Bandura dan teori ekologi, Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan</p><p>dan pedagogi.</p><p></p> 2020 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=8691 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=8691 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Pusat Penyelidikan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak Negara <p>Abdul Ghani Abdullah. (2012). Gaya-gaya kepimpinan dalam pendidikan. Kuala</p><p>Lumpur: PTS Profesional Publishing Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Halim Tamuri. (2016). Pendidikan abad ke-21 dalam kepelbagaian budaya: cabaran dan harapan.</p><p>Jurnal Pendiddikan. 309(3), 21-34.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Razak Zakaria. (2011). Hubungan konteks keluarga dengan penglibatan ibu bapa dan pencapaian</p><p>akademik anak-anak di sekolah menengah. Tesis PhD yang tidak diterbitkan, Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Adeoye, O. A., & Ziska, F. (2014). Compensation management and employee job satisfaction: A case of</p><p>Nigeria. Journal of Social Sciences, 41(3), 345352.</p><p></p><p>Akert, N., & Martin, B. N. (2012). The role of teacher leaders in school improvement through the</p><p>perceptions of principals and teachers. International Journal of Education, 4(4), 284300.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.5296/ije.v4i4.2290</p><p></p><p>Ali Hasan Az-Zhecolany. (2013). Kesalahan ibu bapa yang menyebabkan anak tidak soleh. Cetakan</p><p>Pertama. Batu Caves, Selangor: Ar-Risalah Product Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Aliza., & Zamri Mahmod. (2016). Pembangunan dan kebolehgunaan modul berasaskan bermain bagi</p><p>pembelajaran kemahiran Bahasa Melayu kanak-kanak prasekolah. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 6(1),</p><p>1629.</p><p></p><p>Allison, M.A., Yuill, B.T., Tornqvist, T., Amelung, F., Dixon, T., Erkens, G., Stuurman, R., Jones,</p><p>C., Milne, G., Steckler, M., Syvitski, J., Teatini, P. (2016). Global risks and research priorities</p><p>for coastal subsidence. EOSdTrans. Am. Geophys. Union 97(19), 22-27.</p><p></p><p>Amirafiza Zaitun Mohd Jackie, Muhammad Faizal A. Ghani & Faisol Elham. (2016). Keberkesanan</p><p>pengajaran guru tadika: Satu kajian awal. Jurnal Kepimpinan</p><p>Pendidikan, 3(4), 72-95.</p><p></p><p>Ann, L. W. (2012). Teaching, reflecting and writing from the heart. Young children.</p><p>Auckland, New Zealand: Heeinemann.</p><p></p><p>Anuar & Nelson. (2015). Pengaruh kompetensi kemahiran guru dalam pengajaran terhadap pencapaian</p><p>akademik pelajar dalam mata pelajaran Sejarah. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 3(2),</p><p>111.</p><p></p><p>Arash Ghodrati & Norzima. (2013). The impact of 5S implementation on industry organizations</p><p>performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(3), 4349.</p><p></p><p>Argia, H. A. A., & Ismail, A. (2013). The Influence of transformational leadership on the level of</p><p>TQM implementation in the Higher Education Sector. Higher Education, 3(1), 136147.</p><p></p><p>Asiya Gul, Syed Aamir, Javed Rafiq & Hummayoum Naeem. (2012). Improving employees performance</p><p>through total quality management. Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 1(8), 1924.</p><p></p><p>Aslan, D., & Akta Arnas, Y. (2015). The immediate impacts of preschool attendance on Turkish</p><p>childrens mathematics achievement. Educational Studies, 41(3), 231243.</p><p></p><p>Asmah Subo & Nurulhuda Azizi. (2011). Masalah salah laku agresif dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah</p><p>rendah dan hubungannya dengan gaya keibubapaan. Journal of Education Psychology dan Counseling,</p><p>1(2), 1422.</p><p></p><p>Azizah Sarkowi. (2012). Penilaian program praktikum: Model pembentukan dan peningkatan kualiti guru</p><p>praperkhidmatan di Institut Pendidikan Guru Malaysia. Tesis PhD yang tidak </p><p>diterbitkan. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004</p><p></p><p>Azman Ismail, Hafizah Omar & Ilyani Ranlan Rose. (2014). Interlinkages between service quality ,</p><p>customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in Malaysia : A case study of Armed Forces Medical</p><p>Organizations, 7(7), 4759.</p><p></p><p>Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology,</p><p>6, 160. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1</p><p></p><p>Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social</p><p>psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of</p><p>Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-118</p><p></p><p>Bartlett, J. E., Kotrlik, J. W., & Higgins, C. C. (2001). Organizational research: Determining</p><p>appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance</p><p>Journal, 19(1), 43-50.</p><p></p><p>Bellibas, M. S., & Liu, Y. (2017). Multilevel analysis of the relationship between principals'</p><p>perceived practices of instructional leadership and teachers' self-efficacy perceptions. Journal of</p><p>Education Administration, 55(1), 49-69.</p><p></p><p>Bronfenbrenner, U. (1989). Ecological systems theory. Annals of Child Development, 6(2), 3743.</p><p></p><p>Bush, T. (2007). Educational leadership and management : theory, policy and practice. South Afican</p><p>Journal of Education, 27(3), 391-406.</p><p></p><p>Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS (2ed.). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaumm</p><p>Association, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Calik, Temel, Sezgin, Ferudun, Kavgaci, Hasan, & Kilinc, Ali Cagatay. (2012). Examination of</p><p>relationships between instructional leadership of school principals and self-efficacy of</p><p>teachers and collective teacher efficacy. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 12(4),</p><p>2498-2504.</p><p></p><p>Che Nidzam Che Ahmad, Kamisah Osman & Lilia Halim. (2010). Hubungan ramalan persekitaran</p><p>pembelajaran makmal sains dengan tahap kepuasan pelajar. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 25(2), 19-30.</p><p></p><p>Chee, K. S. (2012). Principals technology leadership assessment (PTLA). Tesis yang tidak</p><p>diterbitkan. Kota Samarahan : Unimas.</p><p></p><p>Chen, G.J. (2012). A simple way to deal with multicollinearity. Journal of Applied Statistics,</p><p>39(9): 1893-1909.</p><p></p><p>Chiew, W. M. (2012). Penggunaan komputer dalam kalangan guru prasekolah. Jurnal Pembestarian</p><p>Sekolah 2010 Bahagian Teknologi Pendidikan, 14(1), 175-181.</p><p></p><p>Chinyoka, K. (2014). Causes of school drop out among ordinary level learners in a resttlement area</p><p>in Masvingo, Zimbabwe. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 5(3),</p><p>294300.</p><p></p><p>Chong, E. K. M. (2012). Using blogging to enhance the initiation of students into academic</p><p>research. Computer & Education, 55(4), 798807.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2013). Mastering research statistics. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Mcgraw- Hill.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2014). Asas statistik penyelidikan. Shah Alam : McGraw-Hill Education.</p><p></p><p>Cloney, O., Cleveland, G., Hattie, J., & Tayler, C. (2015). Variations in avaliability and quality</p><p>of early childhood education and care by sosioeconomic status of neighbourhoods. Early Education</p><p>and Development., 27(3), 119.</p><p></p><p>Coakes, S. J. (2005). SPSS version 12.0 for windows analysis without anguish.</p><p>Australia : National Library of Australia.</p><p></p><p>Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Second Edition.</p><p>Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Cousineau, D., & Chartier, s. (2010). Outlier detection and treatment: A review.</p><p>International Journal of Psychologycal Research, 3(1), 58-67.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.</p><p>Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th</p><p>ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.</p><p></p><p>Cresswell, J. W. (2012). Education research: Planing, conducting and evaluating quantitative and</p><p>qualitative research (4 Ed.). Boston: Pearson Education.</p><p></p><p>Cronbach. (1984). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 31, 9396.</p><p></p><p>Courtney, B. (2016). The importance of "teacher quality" and "quality teaching" on academic</p><p>performance. 6(1), 28-38.</p><p></p><p>Cucu Sukmawati & Endang Herawan. (2016). Kepimpinan instruksional kepala sekolah, komitmen guru</p><p>dan mutu kerja mengajar guru. Jurnal Administrasi Pendidikan Vol.XXIII (2), 68-88.</p><p></p><p>Dachyshyn, D., & Kirova, A. (2011). Classroom challenges in developing an intercultural early</p><p>learning program for refugee children. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 57(2), 220233.</p><p></p><p>Daimiany. (2016). Self-regulated learning mahasiswa pendidikan guru sekolah dasar (PGSD) tahun</p><p>pertama. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan & Konseling, 2(1),72-82.</p><p></p><p>Daniels, R. J. (2013). Rethinking the welfare state: The prospects for government by voucher.</p><p>Psychology Press : Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Danielson, C. (2006). Teacher leadership that strengthens professional practice.</p><p>Alexandra, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.</p><p></p><p>Davis, B., & Degotardi, S. (2015). Educators understandings of, and support for, infant peer</p><p>relationships in early childhood settings. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 13(1), 6478.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X14538600</p><p></p><p>Dean, J. (1991). Professional development in school. Chicago III : University of Chicago Press.</p><p></p><p>Dimmock, C., & Tan, C. Y. (2013). Educational leadership in singapore. Journal of Educational</p><p>Administration, 51(3), 320340.</p><p></p><p>Dong, Chuanmei. (2016). Preschool teachers perceptions and pedagogical practices: young childrens</p><p>use of ICT. Early Child Development and Care, 188 (6), 635-650.</p><p></p><p>Donnell, L. A., & Gettinger, M. (2015). Elementary school teachers acceptability of school reform:</p><p>Contribution of belief congruence, self-efficacy, and professional development. Teaching and</p><p>Teacher Education, 51(2), 4757.</p><p></p><p>Drost, E. A. (2011). Validity and reliability in social science research. Educational Research and</p><p>Perspectives, 38(1), 105-123.</p><p></p><p>Einarsdottir, J. (2014). Play and literacy: a collaborative action research project in preschool.</p><p>Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 58(1), 93109.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2012.705321</p><p></p><p>Emmanouil, K. (2014). The impact of leadership on teachers effectiveness.</p><p>International Journal Humanities Social and Sciences, 4(1), 3439.</p><p></p><p>Englander, M. (2012). The interview: Data collection in descriptive phenomenological human</p><p>scientific research. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 43(4), 13-35.</p><p></p><p>Epstein, J., Sanders, M., Sheldon, S., Simon, B., Salinas, K., Jansorn, N. (2009). School, family,</p><p>and community partnerships: Your handbook for action. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.</p><p></p><p>Erma Abu & Kwan Eu, L. (2014). Hubungan antara sikap, minat, pengajaran guru dan pengaruh rakan</p><p>sebaya terhadap pencapaian matematik tambahan tingkatan 4. Jurnal Kurikulum dan Pengajaran Asia</p><p>Pasifik, 2(1), 1-10.</p><p></p><p>Etistika Yuni Wijaya, Dwi Agus Sudjimat & Amat Nyoto. (2016). Transformasi pendidikan abad 21</p><p>sebagai tuntutan pengembangan sumber daya manusia di era global. Prosiding Seminar Nasional</p><p>Pendidikan Matematika 2016 ~ Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang</p><p></p><p>Fenech, M., Giugni, M., & Bown, K. (2012). A critical analysis of the National quality framework :</p><p>Mobilising for a vision for children beyond minimum standards. Australasian Journal of Early</p><p>Childhood, 37(4), 514.</p><p></p><p>Flory, B. J. (2012). Quality early childhood education: A cost-effective intervention to student</p><p>achievement. Doctoral dissertation, Ball State University.</p><p></p><p>Foong, C. Y., & Mohd. Khairuddin Abdullah. (2018). Kepimpinan instruksional</p><p>:Konsep, pendekatan dan skala pengukuran. Jurnal Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, Special Issue,</p><p>146-160.</p><p></p><p>Fredericks, J., Blumenfeld, P., & Paris, A. (2014). School engagement:Potential of the concepts,</p><p>state of the evident. Review of Education Research, 74(2), 59109.</p><p></p><p>Fullan, M. G., & Miles, M. B. (2015). Getting reform right: What works and what doesnt. Phi Delta</p><p>Kappan, 73(10), 745752.</p><p></p><p>Galindo, C., & Sheldon, S. B. (2012). School and home connections and childrens kindergarten</p><p>achievement gains: The mediating role of family involvement. Early Childhood Research Quarterly,</p><p>27(4), 90103.</p><p></p><p>Garson, G. D. (2015). Structural equation modeling. Asheboro, NC USA : Statistical Associates</p><p>Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Gaskin. (2016). Mediation concepts and bootstrapping in AMOS.</p><p></p><p>George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference (4</p><p>ed.). Boston : Allyn & Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Ghavifekr, S., Ibrahim, M. S., Chellapan, K., Sukumaran, K., & Subramaniam, A. (2017).</p><p>Instructional leadership practices of principal in vocational and technical college:</p><p>teachersperception. MOJEM: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Management, 3(1), 48-67.</p><p></p><p>Ghazali Darusalam & Sufean Hussin. (2016). Metodologi penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur :</p><p>Penerbit Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Giannopoulos, G., Holt, A., Khansalar, E., & Cleanthous, S. (2013). The use of the balanced</p><p>scorecard in small companies. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(14),1-5</p><p>https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n14p1</p><p></p><p>Greenwald, R, Hedges, L., & Laine R. (2016). Does money matter?: The effect of school resources on</p><p>student achievement. Google Books,66(3), 361396.</p><p></p><p>Guskey, T. (2015). Evaluating professional development-thousand Oaks. CA: Corwin Press.</p><p></p><p>Habib Ismail., & Zaimah Ramli. (2012). Amalan kepimpinan transformasi pengetua dan hubungannya</p><p>dengan kepuasan kerja guru. Prosiding Persidangan Kebangsaan Ekonomi Malaysia Ke VII, (7)2,</p><p>14711478.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Rabin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7</p><p>ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Hairuddin Mohd. Ali ., & Aniyath Ali. (2015). Do strategic leadership and self efficacy among</p><p>school leaders make a difference? Asian Social Science, 11(27), 219-234.</p><p></p><p>Hakimi Ismail. (2017). 140 sekolah diiktiraf berprestasi tinggi. Dimuat turun dari</p><p>http://www.utusan.com.my/pendidikan/140-sekolah-diiktiraf-berprestasi-tinggi- 1.472631</p><p></p><p>Hallinger, P., & Bryant, D. A. (2013). Review of research publications on educational leadership</p><p>and management in Asia: A comparative analysis of three regions. Oxford Review of Education, 39(3),</p><p>307328.</p><p></p><p>Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. (1985). Assessing the instructional management behaviors of principals.</p><p>The Elementary School Journal, 86(2), 19.</p><p></p><p>Hallinger, P., Taraseina, P., & Miller, J. (1994). Assessing the instructional leadership of</p><p>secondary school principals in Thailand. S. Chool Effectiveness and School Improvement, 5(4),</p><p>321348.</p><p></p><p>Hallinger, P. (2003). Leading educational change: reflections on the practice of instructional and</p><p>transformational leadership. Cambridge Journal of Education, 33(3), 329352.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764032000122005</p><p></p><p>Hallinger, P. (2008). A review of PIMRS studies of principal instructional leadership: Assessment</p><p>of progress over 25 years. In annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association</p><p>(AERA), New York.</p><p></p><p>Hamidah & Kong, Y. C. (2014). Gaya kepimpinan pengetua dan hubungannya dengan keberkesanan sekolah.</p><p>Management Research Journal, 3(4), 93106.</p><p></p><p>Haslina, Sanep & Tamat Sarmidi. (2012). Ke arah Negara Islam berpendapatan tinggi : peluang dan</p><p>cabaran towards high-income islamic countries : opportunities and challenges. Transformasi</p><p>ekonomi dan sosial ke arah Negara maju. 2(1), (547555).</p><p></p><p>Hasnuddin Rahman. (2015). Keberkesanan Penggunaan TMK Di Dalam Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran</p><p>Pendidikan Islam Bagi Sekolah Kebangsaan Desa Pandan Kuala Lumpur. International Conference on</p><p>Information Technology & Society, 8-9 June 2015, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Hasnah Mohamed. (2016). Meningkatkan kemahiran menulis karangan melalui penggunaan track changes.</p><p>Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 13(2), 135159.</p><p></p><p>Healey, D. M., Flory, J. D., Miller, C. J., & Halperin, J. M. (2011). Maternal positive parenting</p><p>style is associated with better functioning in Hyperactive/Inattentive preschool children,5(7),</p><p>25-31.</p><p></p><p>Hing-KeungMa. (2009). Moral development and moral education: An integrated approach. Educational</p><p>Research Journal, 24(2), 293-326.</p><p></p><p>Hobart, B. (2014). Understanding generation Y. Princeton One, Skillman : New Jersey.</p><p></p><p>Hooi, S. P., Melissa Ng, L. Y., & Anna Christina. (2013). Multicultural early childhood education:</p><p>Practices and challenges in Malaysia. The Australian Educational Researcher, 40(5), 615632.</p><p></p><p>Houchens, G., & Cabrera, J. (2014). Preparing principals for instructional leadership : Integrating</p><p>the common core standards. 11(2), 25-38.</p><p></p><p>Huck, S. W. (2012). Reading statistics and research. Boston: Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Hussein Mahmood. (2016). Kepimpinan dan keberkesanan sekolah (2 ed.). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa</p><p>dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Irma Y. M., Norlizah, C. H., Fathizah, M. F. (2018). Penglibatan ibu bapa dalam aktiviti</p><p>pembelajaran di rumah dan hubungannya dengan pencapaian akademik murid. Jurnal Penyelidikan dan</p><p>Inovasi, 5(1), 42-62.</p><p></p><p>Jain Chee. (2017). Penerokaan pengetahuan teknologi, pedagogi dan kandungan dalam kalangan guru</p><p>prasekolah di daerah Sandakan, Sabah. Disertasi Kedoktoran. Kuala Lumpur, Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Jamilah Ahmad., & Yusof Boon. (2011). Amalan kepimpinan sekolah berprestasi tinggi (SBT) di</p><p>Malaysia. Journal of Edupress, 1(9), 323335. http://eprints.utm.my/17080/1/JOE-1-2011-039.pdf</p><p></p><p>Jamilah Man, Yahya Don & Siti Noor Ismail. (2016). Kepimpinan transformasi dan kualiti guru</p><p>generasi Y. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 3(1), 2932.</p><p></p><p>Jasmi, K. A. (2012). Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan dalam kajian kualitatif. kursus penyelidikan</p><p>kualitatif siri 1. Kuala Lumpur : Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Johnson, S. R., Seidenfeld, A. M., Izard, C. E., & Kobak, R. (2013). Can classroom emotional</p><p>support enhance prosocial development among children with depressed caregivers? Early</p><p>Childhood Research Quarterly, 28(2), 282290.</p><p></p><p>Jones, A., Buntting, C., & De Vries, M. J. (2013). The developing field of technology education: A</p><p>review to look forward. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 23(2), 34-48.</p><p></p><p>Kamaruzzaman Abdul Manan & Che Mahzan Ahmad. (2017). Kepentingan komunikasi dalam latihan.</p><p>e-Journal Penyelidikan dan Innovasi, 4(1), 129-150.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. Instrumen Standard Kualiti Malaysia, Jemaah Nazir Sekolah, Standard</p><p>4. (2010).</p><p></p><p>Khodijah Abdul Rahman, Siti Zahara Mohid & Roslinda Ramli. (2018). Kesediaan Guru Menggunakan</p><p>Teknologi Multimedia dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Sekolah Rendah Agama di Selangor.</p><p>Proceeding of IC-ITS 2018 e-ISBN : 978-967-2122-64-7, 4 International Conference on Information</p><p>Technology & Society, October 30 - 31, 2018, Selangor, Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 2(8), 77-</p><p>85. https://doi.org/10.1038/156278a0</p><p></p><p>Koh, C. (2012). Moral development and student motivation inmoral education: A Singapore study.</p><p>Australian Journal of Education, 56(1), 83-101.</p><p></p><p>Korhonen, T., & Lavonen, J. (2016). A new wave of learning in Finland Get started with</p><p>innovation! In Educating for the twenty-first century: Perspectives, policies and practices.</p><p>Singapore: Springer.</p><p></p><p>Krummel Reinking, A. (2015). Increasing accountabiliy measures for early childhood teachers using</p><p>evaluation models: Observation, feedback, and self-assessment. Current Issues in Education, 18(1),</p><p>110.</p><p></p><p>Laporan Awal Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013-2025). Putrajaya, Kementerian Pendidikan</p><p>Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Laporan Awal Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan, Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri 2015.</p><p>Kuching, Sarawak.</p><p></p><p>Latifah Abdul Majid, Wan Nasyrudin & Nurul Hidayah. (2012). Penerapan nilai murni dan pembentukan</p><p>jati diri kanak-kanak prasekolah melalui penggunaan multimedia. Jurnal Hadhari Special Edition</p><p>3(5), 5165.</p><p></p><p>Lee, J. C., Zhang, Z., & Yin, H. (2011). A multilevel analysis of the impact of a professional</p><p>learning community, faculty trust in colleagues and collective efficacy on teacher commitment to</p><p>students. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27, 820-830.</p><p></p><p>Lee, V. E., Burkam, D. T., Ready, D. D., Honigman, J., & Meisels, S. J. (2016). Full day versus</p><p>half day kindergarten: In which program do children learn more? American Journal of </p><p>Education, 112(2), 163208. https://doi.org/10.1086/498994</p><p></p><p>Levy, K. S. C. (2006). The contricution of self-concept in the etiology of adolescent delinquency.</p><p>Adolescence, 8(32), 671685.</p><p></p><p>Liong, S. C. (2014). Pembangunan profesionalisme guru ke arah pendidikan berkualiti. Kolokium</p><p>Kebangsaan Kepimpinan Instruksional, 10(4), 113.</p><p></p><p>Madsen, P. T., Jensen, F. H., Carder, D. and Ridgway, S.(2012). Dolphin whistles: a functional</p><p>misnomer revealed by heliox breathing. Biol.(2)8, 211-213.</p><p></p><p>Mahmood, S. (2013). First-year preschool and kindergarten teachers: challenges of working with</p><p>parents. School Community Journal, 23(2), 55-86.</p><p></p><p>Mahzan Bin Arshad., & Chee. S. C. (2017). Penilaian semula pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam</p><p>pembacaan awal. Jurnal Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak Kebangsaan 2017 Special Issue, 79-86.</p><p></p><p>Maimunah Nasir & Hashimah Mohd Yunus. (2017). Peranan guru tingkatan enam dalam membentuk pelajar</p><p>terarah kendiri dan meningkatkan kemahiran abad ke-</p><p>21. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 5(1), 1-6.</p><p></p><p>Mansor, M. (2013). Pembangunan model pembelajaran profesional berasaskan sekolah di sekolah</p><p>menengah harian di Malaysia. Tesis yang tidak diterbitkan, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Marjanovi, L. (2014). The structural quality of preschools : How it influences process quality and</p><p>childrens achievements. Ljubica Marjanovi Umek, 4(2), 1023.</p><p></p><p>Marjory E., & Yoke, Y. C. (2011). No Title. Instituting change in early childhood education: recent</p><p>developments in Singapore. 28(2), 39.</p><p></p><p>Marken, J., & Morrison, G. (2013). Objectives over time: a look at four decades of objectives in</p><p>the educational research literature. Arastirmax.Com, 4(1), 114.</p><p></p><p>Marzni Mohamed Mokhtar, Rohizah Yaakub & Fadzilah Amzah. (2018). Cabaran guru Bahasa Melayu dalam</p><p>menerapkan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan penulisan karangan</p><p>argumentatif. Malaysian Online Journal of Education, 2(2), 7-14.</p><p></p><p>Mattar, D. (2012). Instructional leadership in Lebanese public schools. Educational Management</p><p>Administration & Leadership, 40(4), 509531.</p><p></p><p>Matthews. (2011). Assessing Organizational Effectiveness: The role of performance measures. The</p><p>Library Quarterly, 81(1), 83110.</p><p></p><p>Meihua, Q., & Karen, R. C. (2016). Game-based learning and 21st century skills: A review of recent</p><p>research. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 50-58.</p><p></p><p>Mendels, P. (2015). The effective principal. Journal of Staff Development, 33(1).</p><p></p><p>Mial Kim & Stuart Reifel. (2010). Children care teaching as womens work: Reflections on</p><p>experiences. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 24(1), 229247.</p><p></p><p>Michael, G. W. (2012). Quantitative research design in curriculum and teaching.</p><p>Journal of Quantitative Research Design in Education, 20(3), 12-35.</p><p></p><p>Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis, a methods</p><p>sourcebook (2 ed.). Oaks, CA : SAGE.</p><p></p><p>Mitchell, S. N. & Logue, M. E. (2015). Teaching and Teacher Education, 25(2), 344- 349.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Awang, I., & Dollard, M. F. (2011). Psychosocial safety climate, work conditions, and emotions</p><p>in the workplace : A Malaysian population - base work stress study. International Journal of stress</p><p>management, 18(4), 234-347.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Nazri, A. R., & Wan Nurul Baizura, W. M. N. (2018). Pelaksanaan kurikulum standard prasekolah</p><p>kebangsaan semakan 2017 : retrospeksi guru. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 5(3), 59-71.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Yusri & Wan Ismail. (2015). Model kepimpinan maya dan kesejahteraan kerja pemimpin sekolah</p><p>Malaysia: Perantaraan oleh komunikasi dalam kumpulan. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(1), 10-24.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Yusri Ibrahim., & Aziz Amin. (2014). Model kepemimpinan pengajaran pengetua dan kompetensi</p><p>pengajaran guru. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik -Januari, </p><p>2(1), 1125. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal & Gary. (2013). The practices of professional learning communities: a</p><p>developed country of excellent school leaders perspectives. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching,</p><p>1(3), 1027.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal & William, J. (2014). Harapan murid bemasalah terhadap pengajaran guru:Satu kajian</p><p>awal di sebuah negara maju. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 2(1), 2643.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal, A. G & Abd. Khalil, A. (2015). Model program perkembangan profesioanalisme guru</p><p>Malaysia: satu kajian analisis keperluan di sekolah berprestasi tinggi dan sekolah berprestasi</p><p>rendah. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(1), 3246.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal, A. G., Abdul Khalil, A. , Zahara., Norfariza M. R., Ainoor, M. A., & Faisol, E.</p><p>(2016). Program Pembangunan Profesionalisme Guru Sekolah Berprestasi Tinggi. Jurnal Kepimpinan</p><p>Pendidikan, 3(3), 76-103.</p><p></p><p>Mujahidah. (2015). Implementasi teori ekologi Bronfenbrenner dalam membangun pendidikan karakter</p><p>yang berkualiti. Lentera, 4(3), 171185.</p><p></p><p>Murphy, J. (1990). Principal instructional leadership : Changing perspectives on the school.</p><p>Advances in Educational Administration, 60(25), 119123.</p><p></p><p>Niqab, M., Sharma, S., Wei, L. M., & Maulod, S. B. A. (2014). Instructional leadership potential</p><p>among school principals in Pakistan. International Education Studies, 7(6), 25-35.</p><p></p><p>Noor Aini Ahmad. (2014). Mengintergrasi teknologi komunikasi dan maklumat sebagai media pengajaran</p><p>bahasa dalam kalangan kanak-kanak awal umur. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu (JPBM), 4, 3643.</p><p></p><p>Noor Erma Abu & Leong K. E. (2014). Hubungan antara sikap, minat, pengajaran guru dan pengaruh</p><p>rakan sebaya terhadap pencapaian Matematik tingkatan 4. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia</p><p>Pasifik, 2(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v39.477</p><p></p><p>Nor & Amir. (2013). Multicultural learning partnerships in the caf: Integrating ICT into</p><p>transnational tertiary education in Australia using the collaborative application for education.</p><p>Journal of International and Comparative Education, 3(2), 173184.</p><p></p><p>Nor Azni Abdul Aziz, Foo Say Fooi, Soaib Asimiran & Aminuddin Hassan. (2014). Kepimpinan</p><p>instruksional pengetua dalam pelaksanaan pentaksiran berasaskan sekolah. Proceeding of the Global</p><p>Summit on Education GSE 2014, 12(5), 419.</p><p></p><p>Norashikin, Ramli & Foo, S. F. (2015). Hubungan kepimpinan guru dengan pencapaian akademik</p><p>pelajar.1(2), 111.</p><p></p><p>Norfaezah Mohd Hamidin & Idi Hamdi. (2016). Smart reader kids arabic: Inovasi dalam pendidikan</p><p>prasekolah. E-Journal Penyelidikan & Inovasi, 3(2), 7384.</p><p></p><p>Norly Jamil. (2010). Tingkah laku emosi kanak-kanak dan ekspresi emosi ibu bapa.</p><p>International Conference on Teacher Education., 3(1), 302311.</p><p></p><p>Norsita Ali & Zainal Madon. (2014). Tinjuanan awal interaksi guru kanak-kanak dalam pemupukan</p><p>pemikiran kreatif kanak-kanak prasekolah. Kota Kinabalu : Sabah.</p><p></p><p>Norwaliza Abdul Wahab, Jasmi Abu Talib, Norazilawati Abdullah, Kannamah Mottan & Amir Hasan Dawi.</p><p>(2016). Parents roles on educational goals among the orang asli community in Malaysia. Middle-East</p><p>Journal of Scientific Research, 24(8), 24312438.</p><p></p><p>Nur Afiqah & Fariza Khalid. (2016). The benefits and constraints of the use of information and</p><p>communication technology (ICT) in teaching mathematics. Creative Education, 7(2), 15371544.</p><p></p><p>Nur Athirah Ariffin & Faridah Yunus. (2017). Kesediaan guru prasekolah dalam melaksanakan kbat</p><p>dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Simposium Pendidikan Dipperibadikan: Perspektif Risalah An-Nur.</p><p></p><p>Nurul Huda Ab. Rahman & Azlin Noraini Mansor. (2017). Tahap amalan guru besar serta pengajaran dan</p><p>pembelajaran guru sekolah rendah. Malaysia Journal of Society and Space,13(3), 65-74.</p><p></p><p>Oliver, R. M., Wehby, J. H., & Reschly, D. J. (2011). Teacher classroom management practices :</p><p>Effects on disruptive or aggressive student behavior. European Journal of Psychology of Education,</p><p>24(2), 410.</p><p></p><p>Opfer, V. D., & Pedder, D. (2011). Conceptualizing teacher professional learning. Review of </p><p>Educational Research, 81(3), 376407. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654311413609</p><p></p><p>Patton, M.Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3 rd Ed.).</p><p>Thousand Oaks: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Peariso. (2011). A study of principals instructional leadership behaviors and beliefs of good</p><p>pedagogical practice among effective California High School serving socioeconomically disadvantaged</p><p>and English learners. Liberty University.</p><p></p><p>Pelan Induk Pembangunan Pendidikan. (PIPP, 2006-2010). Putra Jaya, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Peterson, E. R., Rubie-Davies, C. M., & Dixon, R. S. (2011). Who is to blame? Students, teachers</p><p>and parents views on who is responsible for student achievement. Research in Education, </p><p>86(1), 112. https://doi.org/10.7227/RIE.86.1</p><p></p><p>Pios, A. (2012). Masalah ketidakhadiran murid orang asli dalam kegiatan kokurikulum di</p><p>sebuah sekolah orang asli di Petaling Jaya: faktor dan cadangan penyelesaian. Jurnal Pengurusan</p><p>Dan Kepimpinan Pendidikan, Institut Aminuddin Baki, 24(2), 1015.</p><p></p><p>Putnam, R. T., & Borko, H. (2015). What do new views of knowledge and thinking have to say about</p><p>research on teacher learning?. Educational Researcher, 29(1), 415.</p><p></p><p>Pym, A. (2010). Exploring translation theories. London and New York : Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Quan-McGimpsey, S., Kuczynski, L., & Brophy, K. (2013). Tensions between the personal and the</p><p>professional in close teacher-child relationships. Journal of Research in Childhood </p><p>Education, 27(1), 111126. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2012.738287</p><p></p><p>Ramlah Jantan, Nor Afni Resad, Siti Fathimah Az-Zahra. (2016). Aktiviti didik hibur dalam kalangan</p><p>guru prasekolah di Daerah Gombak. Jurnal Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak, 5(2), 19-29.</p><p></p><p>Raven, J. (2014). The Ravens Progressive matrices: change and stability over culture and time.</p><p> Cognitive Psychology, 41, 148. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1999.0735</p><p></p><p>Rekha N. K., & Ganesh, P. M. (2012). Do mentors learn by mentoring others?</p><p>International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education, 1(3), 205-217.</p><p></p><p>Riduwan. (2012). Skala pengukuran variabel-variabel penelitian. Jakarta: Alfabeta.</p><p></p><p>Rivkin, S., Hanusheks, E. A., & Kain, J. (2015). Teachers, schools, and academic achievement.</p><p>Econometrica, 73(2), 417458.</p><p></p><p>Rohaty, M., Mohd. Anuar, A., & Zahara, Z. (2012). Effects of a multisensory programme on dyslexic</p><p>students: Identification and mastery of the alphabet. Research Journal of Applied Sciences,7(7),</p><p>340-343.</p><p></p><p>Rosnah Ishak & Muhammad Faizal. (2012). Amalan kepimpinan terbaik untuk sekolah sebagai organisasi</p><p>pembelajaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 37(2), 3541.</p><p></p><p>Rosnah Ishak & Siti Nur Fatihah Rusman. (2018). Prestasi kerja guru dan hubungannya dengan faktor</p><p>beban tugas, persekitaran kerja dan personal: Kajian kes di sebuah sekolah di Sabah. Jurnal</p><p>Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 5(1),1- 15.</p><p></p><p>Safitri A., Hadiyanto, & Ramli, E. (2018). Persepsi guru tentang proses supervisi akademik kepala</p><p>SMA N1 Kecamatan kapur IX kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Jurnal Bahana Manajemen Pendidikan, 7(1).</p><p></p><p>Sahin, S. (2011). Instructional leadership in Turkey and the United States: Teachers perspectives.</p><p>Problems of Education in the 21th Century, 34(12), 122-137.</p><p></p><p>Sandholtz, J. H., & Scribner, S. P. (2016). The paradox of administrative control in fostering</p><p>teacher professional development. Teaching and Teacher Education, 22(8), 11041117.</p><p></p><p>Sandra, R., Abu Bakar, N., & Norlidah, A. (2013). Penggunaan ICT merentas Kurikulum Standard</p><p>Prasekolah Kebangsaan (KSPK): Tinjauan di prasekolah Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. Jurnal</p><p>Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 1(2), 2031.</p><p></p><p>Sanja, T. V. (2012). The significance of preschool teachers personality in early childhood</p><p>education: Analysis of Eysencks and big five dimensions of personality. International Journal of</p><p>Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1320.</p><p></p><p>Seebruck, R. (2015). Teacher quality and student achievement : A multilevel analyses of teacher</p><p>credentialization and student test score in California High School, 5(2), 1-18.</p><p></p><p>Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). A skill building approach. UK: Wiley.</p><p></p><p>Shahril Marzuki. (2004). Effective teaching practices: A study in a few schools in the federal</p><p>territory and Selangor. Journal of Education University of Malaya, 4(2), 2940.</p><p></p><p>Shuai Zhang & Bright, D. (2013). Talent definition and talent management reconotion in Chinese</p><p>private-owned enterprises. Journal of Chinese Enterpreneurship, 4(2), 143163.</p><p></p><p>Siti, N. (2015). Amalan pengurusan kualiti menyeluruh (TQM) dan hubungannya dengan gaya kepimpinan</p><p>pengetua. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(1), 113.</p><p></p><p>Siti Hajar & Suguneswary. (2016). Teachers acceptance on using information communication and</p><p>technology (ICT) in teaching Tamil Language. The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education, 6(2),</p><p>101111.</p><p></p><p>Siti Noor & Yahya., D. (2015). Amalan pengurusan kualiti menyeluruh (TQM) dan hubungannya dengan</p><p>gaya kepimpinan pengetua. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(1), 113.</p><p></p><p>Sofo, F., Fitzgerald, R., & Jawas, U. (2012). Instructional leadership in Indonesian school reform</p><p>: overcoming the problems to move forward. School. Leadership & Management: Formerly School</p><p>Organisation, 32(5), 503522.</p><p></p><p>Sohail, M. M., Mahmood, B., Ali, M., & Rafi, S. (2012). The sociology of classroom and students</p><p>family background influencing students learning: A study at University of Sargodha. International</p><p>Journal of Asian Social Sciences, 2(4), 513529.</p><p></p><p>Sola, A., & Oyeyemi, K. (2012). Application of total quality management in the classroom. British</p><p>Journal of Arts and Social Sciences,11(1), 1118.</p><p></p><p>Soukakou, E. P. (2012). Measuring quality in inclusive preschool classrooms: Development and</p><p>validation of the Inclusive Classroom Profile (ICP). Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27(3),</p><p>478488.</p><p></p><p>Sparks, D. (2012). Designing powerful professional development for teachers and principals. Oxford,</p><p>OH: National Staff Development Council.</p><p></p><p>Stevens. (1984). Applied multivariate statistics for the social science. Journal of Education</p><p>Statistics, 47(2), 51-62.</p><p></p><p>Sulaili Jaya & Chua Y. P. (2019). Tahap kompetensi dan hubungan bimbingan rakan peningkatan sekolah</p><p>terhadap kompetensi kepimpinan pemimpin sekolah di Negeri Sarawak. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan,</p><p>6(2), 16-43.</p><p></p><p>Sun, A., & Xia, J. (2018). Teacher-perceived distributed leadership, teacher self- efficacy and job</p><p>satisfaction: A multilevel SEM approach using the 2013 TALIS data. International Journal of</p><p>Education Research, 92(86-97).</p><p></p><p>Sundus, M. (2018). The impact of using gadgets on children. Journal of Depression and Anxiety,</p><p>7(1), 1-3.</p><p></p><p>Suresh Kumar N Vellymalay. (2015). Iklim bilik darjah dan hubungan etnik dalam kalangan murid.</p><p>Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(4), 3246.</p><p></p><p>Sykes, G. (2013). Reform of and as professional development. Phi Delta Kappan,77(1),</p><p>77(1), 465467.</p><p></p><p>Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbachs alpha. International Journal of</p><p>Medical Education, 2, 53.</p><p></p><p>Temel, S. (2014). The effects of problem-based learning on pre-service teachers critical thinking</p><p>dispositions and perceptions of problem-solving ability. South African Journal of Education, 34(1),</p><p>120.</p><p></p><p>Thulin, S., & Jonsson, A. (2014). Child perspectives and childrens perspectives: a concern for</p><p>teachers in preschool. Childhood, Learning and Didactics, EDUCARE, 3(2), 1337.</p><p></p><p>Thum, Y. M. (2013). Measuring progress towards a goal: Estimating teacher productivity using a</p><p>multivariate multilevel model for value-added analysis. Sociological Methods and Research, 32(7),</p><p>153207.</p><p></p><p>Thuwayba A. Al-Barwani, Tayfour S. Albeely & Humaira Al-Suleimani. (2012). Parental involvement in</p><p>Higher Education in Oman. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 37(1), 13-24.</p><p></p><p>Tonyan, H. A., & Nuttall, J. (2014). Connecting cultural models of home-based care and</p><p>childminders career paths: an eco-cultural analysis. International Journal of Early Years</p><p>Education, 22(1), 117138.</p><p></p><p>Ubben, G. C., Hughes, L. W., & Norris, C. J. (. (2004). The principal: Creative leadership for</p><p>effective school. Boston : Pearson Education Company.</p><p></p><p>Wan Anita & Azizah Hamzah. (2013). Media dalam kehidupan dan perkembangan kanak-kanak. Malaysian</p><p>Journal of Media Studies, 15(2), 2739.</p><p></p><p>Wan Marfazila, Wan Mahmud & Habibah Ab. Jalil. (2014).Leadership patterns among schools</p><p>administrators in Malaysia department of foundations of education. 19(8), 125132.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2014.19.icmrp.19</p><p></p><p>Waters, L. (2017). Visible wellbeing in schools: the powerful role of instructional leadership.</p><p>Australian Educational Leader, 39(1), 6-10.</p><p></p><p>Wiersma, W. (2000). Research methods in education. An introduction. Needham Heights, M.A: A.</p><p>Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Wilson Morgan, L, N. (2015). The influence of social leadership practices on classroom management,</p><p>school environment and academic under performance. Walden University : Minnesota.</p><p></p><p>Wong, K. T., Rosma, O., Goh, P.S.C., & Mohd Khairezan, R. (2013). Understanding</p><p>student teachers' behavioral intention to use technology: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)</p><p>validation and testing. International Journal of Instruction, 6(1), 89-105.</p><p></p><p>Wong, S. H., & Nur Ain Elzira. (2018). Bimbingan dan pementoran pembimbing pakar peningkatan</p><p>sekolah menurut persektif guru dibimbing. International Journal of Education, Psychology and</p><p>Counseling, 3(13), 57-72.</p><p></p><p>Wood. (2013). Play, learning and early childhood curriculum. London: Sage Publication.</p><p></p><p>Zahanim Ahmad & Qurrata 'Aini Syamimi. (2018). Konsep mentoring dalam kalangan kalangan guru: Satu</p><p>penelitian awal. e-Prosiding Persidangan Antarabangsa Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan. PASAK3</p><p>201823-24 April 2018 . Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor.</p><p></p><p>Zainudin, A. (2010). Research Metholodology for business and social science. Shah Alam: Universiti</p><p>Teknologi MARA Publication Centre.</p><p></p><p>Zarina Abdul Rashid. (2016). Tahap kesediaan guru dalam aspek pengetahuan dan keperluan latihan</p><p>berfokuskan aplikasi KBAT. Disertasi Ijazah Sarjana Pendidikan Teknikal. Fakulti Pendidikan</p><p>Teknikal dan vokasional : Universiti Hussein Onn Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Zhou, M. & Brown, D. (2015). Educational learning theories open textbook 1, 38-47.</p><p>Diambil dari https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/education-textbooks/1</p><p></p><p>Zulida Abdul Kadir. (2013). Enhancing students problem solving skills using PBL as an</p><p>instructional communication approach. Kuala Lumpur : Universiti Pertanian</p><p>Malaysia.</p><p></p> |