The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee

The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee

<p>John Maxwell Coetzee has established himself through his intellectual contribution to</p><p>the postcolonial feminism literature and South African slavery epoch. His novels can</p><p>be read as a reflection on Black and white w...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Suadah Jasim Salih
Format: thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2022
Subjects:
PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia
Africa
Oceania
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9177
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:9177
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language eng
topic PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia
Africa
Oceania
spellingShingle PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia
Africa
Oceania
Suadah Jasim Salih
The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee
description <p>John Maxwell Coetzee has established himself through his intellectual contribution to</p><p>the postcolonial feminism literature and South African slavery epoch. His novels can</p><p>be read as a reflection on Black and white women subjugation in all its complexity,</p><p>commenting upon many positions typical of radical feminism. From the perspective of</p><p>the colonizer, the woman was doubly feminized by codes of race and gender. This</p><p>research aims to investigate the Black and white female Other from the postcolonial</p><p>feminist perspective of Coetzees selected novels namely, Dusklands, In the Heart of</p><p>the Country, Waiting for the Barbarians, Foe, Age of Iron, and Disgrace. To achieve</p><p>this objective, the postcolonial feminism theory was applied using discursive strategy</p><p>as a method for textual analysis to reflect the socio-political scenarios of postcolonial</p><p>South Africa. The study further reveals how white colonisation subjugated both white</p><p>and Black females of South Africa resulting in a moral crisis of the white male</p><p>colonisers. The research findings revealed Coetzees ability to reflect colonial</p><p>patriarchy as an ideology that discriminated against Africans and Black and white</p><p>females alike. However, the findings also revealed the forms of resistance employed by</p><p>the subjugated females in order to break free from the oppression imposed on them.</p><p>Based on the findings, it could be concluded that, although race and gender are social</p><p>constructs, they continue as an identity imperative constituent in contemporary South</p><p>Africa. Consequently, in discussing race and patriarchy, specific significance was given</p><p>for the white and black women status as a critical issue for individual development and</p><p>vital theme for investigating their setting. By drawing on the postcolonial patriarchal</p><p>context it could be implied that this study will significantly contribute to future research</p><p>on patriarchy and postcolonial patriarchy, as important phenomena in other</p><p>postcolonial literature.</p>
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Doctorate
author Suadah Jasim Salih
author_facet Suadah Jasim Salih
author_sort Suadah Jasim Salih
title The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee
title_short The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee
title_full The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee
title_fullStr The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee
title_full_unstemmed The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee
title_sort female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by j.m. coetzee
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Bahasa dan Komunikasi
publishDate 2022
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9177
_version_ 1776104600870322176
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:91772023-07-12 The female character: a postcolonial feminist perspective of the selected novels by J.M. Coetzee 2022 Suadah Jasim Salih PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania <p>John Maxwell Coetzee has established himself through his intellectual contribution to</p><p>the postcolonial feminism literature and South African slavery epoch. His novels can</p><p>be read as a reflection on Black and white women subjugation in all its complexity,</p><p>commenting upon many positions typical of radical feminism. From the perspective of</p><p>the colonizer, the woman was doubly feminized by codes of race and gender. This</p><p>research aims to investigate the Black and white female Other from the postcolonial</p><p>feminist perspective of Coetzees selected novels namely, Dusklands, In the Heart of</p><p>the Country, Waiting for the Barbarians, Foe, Age of Iron, and Disgrace. To achieve</p><p>this objective, the postcolonial feminism theory was applied using discursive strategy</p><p>as a method for textual analysis to reflect the socio-political scenarios of postcolonial</p><p>South Africa. The study further reveals how white colonisation subjugated both white</p><p>and Black females of South Africa resulting in a moral crisis of the white male</p><p>colonisers. The research findings revealed Coetzees ability to reflect colonial</p><p>patriarchy as an ideology that discriminated against Africans and Black and white</p><p>females alike. However, the findings also revealed the forms of resistance employed by</p><p>the subjugated females in order to break free from the oppression imposed on them.</p><p>Based on the findings, it could be concluded that, although race and gender are social</p><p>constructs, they continue as an identity imperative constituent in contemporary South</p><p>Africa. Consequently, in discussing race and patriarchy, specific significance was given</p><p>for the white and black women status as a critical issue for individual development and</p><p>vital theme for investigating their setting. By drawing on the postcolonial patriarchal</p><p>context it could be implied that this study will significantly contribute to future research</p><p>on patriarchy and postcolonial patriarchy, as important phenomena in other</p><p>postcolonial literature.</p> 2022 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9177 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9177 text eng closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Bahasa dan Komunikasi <p>Abbas, L. (2019). Postcolonial discourse: The impact of imperial elements on JM Coetzee's Waiting for the Barbarians. Scientific Bulletin of the Politehnica University of Timisoara. Transactions on Modern Languages/Buletinul Stiintific al Universitatii Politehnica din Timisoara. Seria Limbi Moderne, 18(1).</p><p>Achebe, C. (1958). Things fall apart: London: Heinemann.</p><p>Achebe, C. (1983). Named for Victoria, Queen of England. New Letters, 49(3-4), 9-16.</p><p>Achebe, C. (1988). Named for Victoria, Queen of England. Hopes and Impediments. In: New York: Doubleday.</p><p>Ackerman, D. (1992). Towards our liberation: A new vision of Church and ministry: Women hold up half the sky: women in the Church in Southern Africa (Ackerman Ed.): Cluster Publications.</p><p>Ahmad, A. (1997). The politics of literary postcoloniality. In Mongia (Ed.), Contemporary Postcolonial Theory (pp. 276-293). London Reader.</p><p>Al-Dhamari, G. A. N. (2016). Discourse of silence in the select novels of JM Coetzee. University of Mysore.</p><p>Amadi, D. C. (2018). How do we locate JM Coetzee in his novels? A closer look at the man and his art in two of his novels. European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies, 2(1), 56-83.</p><p>Anker, E. S. (2008). Human rights, social justice, and JM Coetzee's Disgrace. MFS Modern Fiction Studies, 54(2), 233-267.</p><p>Anunobi, F. O. (2003). The role of women in economic and political development in contemporary Africa. Negro Educational Review, 54(3-4), 61-77.</p><p>Aschroft, B., Griffiths, G., & Tiffin, H. (1989). The empire writes back: Theory and practice in postcolonial literatures. London and New York: Routledge.</p><p>Ashcroft, B. (2018). Magda meets Theodora: Language and interiority in The Aunts Story and In The Heart of the Country. Australian Literary Studies, 33(1), 1-15.</p><p>Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G., & Tiffin, H. (1989). The Empire Writes Back: Postcolonial Literatures, Theory and Practice. London: Routledge.</p><p>Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G., & Tiffin, H. (2003). The empire writes back: Theory and practice in postcolonial literatures: Routledge.</p><p>Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G., & Tiffin, H. (2013). Postcolonial studies: The key concepts. Routledge.</p><p>Attridge, D. (1996). Oppressive silence: JM Coetzees Foe and the politics of canonisation. In Critical Perspectives on JM Coetzee (pp. 168-190): Springer.</p><p>Attridge, D. (2002). JM Coetzee's Disgrace: Introduction. interventions, 4(3), 315-320.</p><p>Attridge, D. (2004). JM Coetzee & the ethics of reading: Literature in the event. University of Chicago Press Chicago.</p><p>Attwell, D. (1992). Doubling the point: Essays and interviews. Harvard University Press.</p><p>Attwell, D. (2002). Race in disgrace. interventions, 4(3), 331-341.</p><p>Aydemir, Y. (2012). The suffers of black women in Alice Walkers novels the color purple and Meridian and Toni Morrisons novels beloved and the bluest eye. The Journal of International Social Research, 5, 438-444.</p><p>Baden, S., Hasim, S., & Meintjes, S. (1998). Country gender profile: South Africa. Citeseer.</p><p>Baden, S., Hasim, S., & Meintjies, S. (1999). Country gender profile. South Africa, Pretoria: Swedish International Development Office.</p><p>Bal, M. (2015). In the absence of post. PAPELES, 6(12-13), 12-25.</p><p>Barnard, L. (2013). The politics of rape: Traces of radical feminism in Disgrace by J.M. Coetzee. Tydskrif vir letterkunde, 50(2), 19-29.</p><p>Barry, K. (1996). The prostitution of sexuality: NyU Press.</p><p>Barry, P. (2017). Beginning theory: An introduction to literary and cultural theory. Manchester University Press.</p><p>Bazilli, S. (1991). Putting women on the agenda. Ravan Pressof South Africa.</p><p>Beauvoir, S. (1972). The second sex, trans. HM Parshley. London: Cape.</p><p>Belgacem, O. (2018). The body, desire and storytelling in novels by JM Coetzee: Routledge.</p><p>Berner, R. L. (2000). South Africa: J. M. Coetzee, Disgrace. World Literature Today, 74(1), 228.</p><p>Bhabha, H. K. (2003). The ambivalence of colonial discourse. October The First.</p><p>Blauner, R. (1969). Internal colonialism and ghetto revolt. Social problems, 16(4), 393-408.</p><p>Blumer, H. (1958). Race prejudice as a sense of group position. Pacific sociological review, 1(1), 3-7.</p><p>Bobo, L., Kluegel, J. R., & Smith, R. A. (1997). Laissez-faire racism: The crystallization of a kinder, gentler, antiblack ideology. Racial attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and change, 15, 23-25.</p><p>Boehmer, E. (2017). Transfiguring: Colonial body into postcolonial narrative. In Stories of women. Manchester University Press.</p><p>Boehmer, E., Eaglestone, R., & Iddiols, K. (2009). JM Coetzee in context and theory: Bloomsbury Publishing.</p><p>Bonacich, E. (1972). A theory of ethnic antagonism: The split labor market. American sociological review, 547-559.</p><p>Bonilla-Silva, E. (2010). Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and racial inequality in contemporary America. Rowman & Littlefield.</p><p>Borch, M., & Rutherford, A. (2008). Bodies and voices: The force-field of representation and discourse in colonial and postcolonial studies/edited by Merete Falck Borch...[et al.]. In. Amsterdam.</p><p>Brownmiller, S. (2001). Against our will: Men, women, and rape. Ballantine Books.</p><p>Bwakali, D. J. (2001). Gender inequality in Africa. Contemporary Review, 279(1630), 270-272.</p><p>Carby, H. (2007). White woman listen! Black feminism and the boundaries of sisterhood. In CCCS Selected Working Papers (pp. 753-774). Routledge.</p><p>Card, C. (1991). Rape as a terrorist institution. Violence, terrorism, and justice, 296-319.</p><p>Cixous, H. (1981). Castration or decapitation? Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 7(1), 41-55.</p><p>Clarkson, C. (2009). JM Coetzee: Countervoices. Springer.</p><p>Coetzee, C., & Nuttall, S. (1998). Negotiating the past: The making of memory in South Africa. Cape Town: Oxford UP.</p><p>Coetzee, C., & Rau, A. (2017). Between enslavement and liberation. narratives of belonging from two farm workers in rural South Africa. Qualitative Sociology Review, 13(1), 10-31.</p><p>Coetzee, J. (1999). Disgrace. 1999. London: Vintage.</p><p>Coetzee, J. (2004). Dusklands. 1974. London: Vintage.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (1986). Foe. In (Vol. 67): Encounter LTD. London: England.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (2000). Disgrace. Penguin.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (2015). Waiting for the Barbarians. Random House.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (2019). Age of iron. Text Publishing.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (2019a). Disgrace. Text Publishing.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (2019b). Dusklands. Text Publishing.</p><p>Coetzee, J. M. (2019c). In the heart of the country. Text Publishing.</p><p>Cole, E. D. (2008). Post-apartheid and its representation: The interregnum as motif in selected South African novels. University of Connecticut.</p><p>Coleman, D. (2009). The "Dog-Man": Race, sex, species, and lineage in Coetzee's "Disgrace". Twentieth Century Literature, 55(4), 597-617.</p><p>Collins, P. H. (2002). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Routledge.</p><p>Crenshaw, K. (1990). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stan. L. Rev., 43, 1241.</p><p>Cullhed, C. (2006). Grappling with patriarchies: Narrative strategies of resistance in Miriam Tlali's writings. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.</p><p>Danta, C., Kossew, S., & Murphet, J. (2011). Strong opinions: JM Coetzee and the authority of contemporary fiction.Bloomsbury Publishing USA.</p><p>Dar, B. A. (2017). Problematique of race and gender: A retrospective approach. Literary herald: An international refereed English e-Journal, 3(2), 18-27.</p><p>Davidson, J. O. C. (1998). Prostitution, power, and freedom. University of Michigan Press.</p><p>Davies, B. (1994). Black women, writing, and identity: Migrations of the subject: Psychology Press.</p><p>Davis, K. (2008). Intersectionality as buzzword: A sociology of science perspective on what makes a feminist theory successful. Feminist theory, 9(1), 67-85.</p><p>Denis, J. S. (2012). Transforming meanings and group positions: Tactics and framing in Anishinaabewhite relations in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(3), 453-470.</p><p>Dooley, G. (2010). JM Coetzee and the power of narrative. Cambria Press.</p><p>Dragunoiu, D. (2001). Existential doubt and political responsibility in JM Coetzee's Foe. Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 42(3), 309-326.</p><p>DuPlessis, R. B. (1980). For the Etruscans: Sexual difference and artistic production. In H. E. A. Jardine (Ed.), The debate over a female aesthetic. The Future of Difference (pp. 56-128). Boston: GK Hall.</p><p>Dworkin, A. (1993). Pornography happens to women. University of Chicago.</p><p>Elmgren, C. (2019). JM Coetzee's Poetics of the Child. Department of English: Stockholm University.</p><p>Emecheta, B. (1995). The slave girl. London: Heinemann.</p><p>Fanon, F. (1961). The Wretched of the Earth.New Yurk: Grove Press</p><p>Fanon, F. (2001). The Wretched of the Earth (Preface by JP Sartre (trans.) Constance Farrington). In: Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.</p><p>Fanon, F. (2007). The wretched of the earth. Grove/Atlantic, Inc.</p><p>Farquharson, K. (2007). Racial categories in three nations: Australia, South Africa and the United States. Paper presented at the Proceedings of Public sociologies: Lessons and trans-Tasman comparisons, the annual conference of The Australian Sociological Association (TASA).</p><p>Fiske, J. (2010). Understanding popular culture. Routledge.</p><p>Frank, A. W. (2013). The wounded storyteller: Body, illness, and ethics. University of Chicago Press.</p><p>Frye, J. (2019). Racism and sexism combine to shortchange working Black Women (2019/08/22/473775). Retrieved from Staten Island, New York.</p><p>Gilbert, S. M., & Gubar, S. (1980). The madwoman in the attic: The woman writer and the nineteenth-century literary imagination. Yale University Press.</p><p>Gordimer, N. (1973). The black interpreters: Notes on African writing. Spro-Cas/Ravan.</p><p>Goveia, V. E. (1981). A study on the historiography of the British West Indies to the end of the nineteenth century. Howard University Press.</p><p>Graham-Brown, S. (1984). Orientalism in Color. In: JSTOR.</p><p>Graham, L. V. (1996). The use of the female voice in three novels by JM Coetzee. Rhodes University.</p><p>Graham, L. V. (2003). Reading the unspeakable: Rape in JM Coetzee's Disgrace. Journal of Southern African Studies, 29(2), 433-444.</p><p>Graybill, L. (2001). The contribution of the truth and reconciliation commission toward the promotion of women's rights in South Africa. Paper presented at the Women's Studies International Forum.</p><p>Hardt, M., & Negri, A. (2000). Empire. Harvard University Press.</p><p>Hassan, W. S. (2003). Gender (and) imperialism: Structures of masculinity in Tayeb Salihs season of migration to the north. Men and Masculinities, 5(3), 309-324.</p><p>Hayes, P. (2010). JM Coetzee and the novel: Writing and politics after Beckett. Oxford University Press.</p><p>Head, D. (1997). JM Coetzee. Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Head, D. (2009). The Cambridge introduction to JM Coetzee. Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Hermassi, E. (1980). The third world reassessed. Univ of California Press.</p><p>Hirschman, C. (2004). The Origins and demise of the concept of race. Population and Development Review (30), 385-415.</p><p>Hoad, T. (2003). The concise Oxford dictionary of English Etymology. England. Oxford University Press.</p><p>Houssay-Holzschuch, M., & Teppo, A. (2009). A mall for all? Race and public space in post-apartheid Cape Town. cultural geographies, 16(3), 351-379.</p><p>Hutson, S. (2007). Gender oppression and discrimination in South Africa. ESSAI, 5(1), 83-86. rigaray, L. (1991). The irigaray reader (M. Whitford Ed.).</p><p>Jackson, S., & Jones, J. (1998). Thinking for ourselves: An introduction to feminist theorizing. Contemporary feminist theories (pp. 1-11). Washington Square. New York: New York University Press.</p><p>Jacobus, M. (1986). Reading Woman: Essays in feminist criticism. New York: Columbia University Press.</p><p>Janoory, L. (2019). Malay women in colonial texts. Universiti Pendidican Sultan Idris.</p><p>Jeffreys, S. (2003). Unpacking queer politics: A lesbian feminist perspective. Cambridge.</p><p>Katrak, K. (1992). Indian nationalism, Gandhian Satyagraha,and the engendering of national narratives. Nationalisms and sexualities. Routledge.</p><p>Kehinde, A. (2006). Patriarchal suppression and neurosis: African women's plight in JM Coetzee's in The Heart of the Country.</p><p>Kelly, M. (2018). Serving a male philosophy? Elizabeth Costellos feminism and Coetzees Dialogues with Joyce. Australian Literary Studies, 33(1), 1-23.</p><p>Khan, R. A. (2019). Rape and the deliberate silence of representation in J. M. Coetzees Novel Disgrace. Editorial Board, 8(12), 20-28.</p><p>Kinder, D. R., & Sears, D. O. (1981). Prejudice and politics: Symbolic racism versus racial threats to the good life. Journal of personality and social psychology, 40(3), 414431.</p><p>Kossew, S., & Harvey, M. (2019). JM Coetzee and the woman question. In Reading Coetzee's women (pp. 1-16): Springer.</p><p>Livius, T. (1896). The history of Rome. New York : Harper & brothers.</p><p>Lyubansky, M., & Eidelson, R. J. (2005). Revisiting Du Bois: The relationship between African American double consciousness and beliefs about racial and national group experiences. Journal of Black Psychology, 31(1), 3-26.</p><p>Madhok, S. (2016). Colonialism and feminism In J.M. Coetzees Foe: Issues of representation through Voice and Silence. Research Journal of English Language and Literature (RJELAL), 4(4), 428-437.</p><p>Makaryk, I. R. (1993). Encyclopedia of contemporary literary theory: Approaches, scholars, terms (Vol. 22): University of Toronto Press.</p><p>Mardorossian, C. M. (2011a). Rape and the violence of representation in J. M. Coetzee's Disgrace, (4), . doi:10.2979/reseafrilite.42.4.72. Research in African Literatures, 42(4), 72-83. doi:10.2979/reseafrilite.42.4.72.</p><p>Mardorossian, C. M. (2011b). Rape and the violence of representation in JM Coetzee's Disgrace. Research in African Literatures, 42(4), 72-83.</p><p>Marx, A. W. (1998). Making race and nation: A comparison of the United States, South Africa, and Brazil. Cambridge University Press Cambridge.</p><p>Mary-Anne, P. V. H. (2011). Patriarchy as empire: A theological reflection. Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae, 37(3), 1-13.</p><p>Matos, C. (2016). Postmodernism, equality and feminism: Current contemporary issues. Paper presented at the The 8th European Council for Social Research on Latin America Conference, Instituto de Iberoamerica, University of Salamanca.</p><p>McClintock, A. (2013). Imperial leather: Race, gender, and sexuality in the colonial contest: Routledge.</p><p>McDowell, D. E. (1989). Reading family matters. Changing our own words: Essays on criticism, theory, and writing by black women, 75-97.</p><p>McLeod, J. (2010). Postcolonialism and feminism. beginning Postcolonialism, 197-232.</p><p>Meer, F. (2007). The future for women. The Unesco Courier, 2(1992), 30-32.</p><p>Mehigan, T. (2014). A companion to the works of JM Coetzee: Boydell & Brewer.</p><p>Melber, H. (2017). Genocide matters-negotiating a Namibian-German past in the present. Stichproben - Vienna journal of African studies, 17(33), 1-24.</p><p>Memmi, A. (1965). The Colonizer and the colonized, trans. Howard greenfeld. London: Earthscan.</p><p>Merivale, P. (1996). Audible palimpsests: Coetzees Kafka. In Critical Perspectives on JM Coetzee (pp. 152-167). Springer.</p><p>Mernissi, F. (1995). Dreams of trespass: Tales of a harem girlhood. Perseus Books.</p><p>Mhlongo, T. (1991). Southern Africa in cross roads: Regional economic cooperation and integration in Southern Africa in a post apartheid eraintegration of corporation? Retrieved from.</p><p>Minh-hsa, T. (1989). Woman Native Other. American University Press.</p><p>Mitchell, J. (2000). Psychoanalysis and feminism: A radical reassessment of Freudian psychoanalysis. Basic Books.</p><p>Mohanty, C. (1988). Under Western eyes: Feminist scholarship and colonial discourses. Feminist review, 30(1), 61-88.</p><p>Moraga, C., & Anzaldua, G. (1981). This bridge called my back: Writings by radical women of color Watertown. MA: Persephone.</p><p>Morgan, R. (1996). Sisterhood is global: The international women's movement anthology. Feminist Press at CUNY.</p><p>Moyana, T. T. (1989). Education, liberation, and the creative act.</p><p>Mphahlele, E. (1962). The African Image. Praeger.</p><p>Nasta, S. (1992). Motherlands: Black Women's writings from Africa the Caribbean and South Asia.</p><p>Neimneh, S. (2014). Postcolonial Feminism: Silence and Storytelling in J.M. Coetzees Foe. Journal of Language and Literature, 5(2), 49-55.</p><p>Neimneh, S. S., Obeidat, M. M., & Al-Mwajeh, M. O. (2019). Subversive bodies: J.M. Coetzee's In the Heart of the Country and psychoanalytic feminism. Ars Artium, 20.</p><p>Ngugi, W. T. (1987). Decolonising the mind: The politics of language in African literature,(1981). London: Heinemann.</p><p>Ngugi, W. T. (1994). Decolonising the mind: The politics of language in African literature: East African Publishers.</p><p>Nkosi, L. (1981). Tasks and masks: Themes and styles of African literature. Longman Group United Kingdom.</p><p>Pager, D., & Shepherd, H. (2008). The sociology of discrimination: Racial discrimination in employment, housing, credit, and consumer markets. Annu. Rev. Sociol, 34, 181-209.</p><p>Parry, B. (1996). Speech and silence in the fictions of J.M. Coetzee. In Critical perspectives on JM Coetzee (pp. 37-65). Springer.</p><p>Patterson, O. (1998). Rituals of blood: Consequences of slavery in two American centuries.</p><p>Paulin, T. (1977). Incorrigibly plural: Recent fiction. Encounter, 49(4), 82-89.</p><p>Penner, D. (1986). Sight, blindness and double-thought in JM Coetzee's Waiting for the Barbarians. Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 26(1), 34-45.</p><p>Petersen, K. H. (1984). First things first: Problems of a feminist approach to African literature.</p><p>Peterson, K. H., & Rutherford, A. (1986). "Double colonization" in a double colonization, colonial and postcolonial women" s writing.</p><p>Petrovic, L. S. (2015). Vietnam revisited: History, holocaust, identity in contemporary cultural debate and Coetzees Dusklands. Nasle|e 32, 135.</p><p>Poyner, J. (2004). The lives of J.M. Coetzee's writer/critic/citizen?'. Law, Social Justice & Global Development Journal (LGD), 2003-2002</p><p>Poyner, J. (2006). J.M. Coetzee and the idea of the public intellectual: Ohio University Press.</p><p>Poyner, J. (2016). J.M. Coetzee and the paradox of postcolonial authorship: Routledge.</p><p>Racine, L. (2011). The impact of race, gender, and class in postcolonial feminist fieldwork: A retrospective critique of methodological dilemmas. Aporia, 3(1), 1-26.</p><p>Raymond, J. G., & Times, L. A. (1995). Perspective on human rights: Prostitution is rape thats paid For: The US Military must have zero tolerance for this exploitation of Wwomen and children, at home and abroad. Los Angeles Times, 11 December. Available at: http://articles.latimes.com/1995-12-11/local/me-12813_1_human-rights. </p><p>Ruether, R. (1983). Sexism and God-talk: Toward a feminist theology. Boston: Beacon.</p><p>Sabr, B. K., & Janoory, L. (2019). Cultural clash in Wole Soyinka's play: The Lion and the Jewel. International Journal of English Research, 5(1), 71-77.</p><p>Said, E. (1978). Introduction to orientalism. Media studies: A reader, 111-123.</p><p>Said, E. (1994). Culture and imperialism (London: Vintage). Random House Group Limited.</p><p>Said, E. W. (2012). Culture and imperialism. Vintage.</p><p>Salih, S. J., & Janoory, L. (2019). On feminism and identity in J.M. Coetzee literature: A critical analysis from postcolonial perspective. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 4(3), 44-57.</p><p>Salvn, M. P. (2008). Topographies of blankness in J.M. Coetzee's fiction.</p><p>Schotten, C. H. (2005). Men, masculinity, and male domination: Reframing feminist analyses of sex work. Politics & Gender, 1(2), 211-240.</p><p>Senghor, L. (1965). Prose and poetry (Senghor Ed.). Oxford University Press.</p><p>Sheila, J. (2008). The idea of prostitution: Spinifex Press.</p><p>Smith, R. (2006). Postcolonizing the Commonwealth: Studies in literature and culture. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press.</p><p>Sniderman, P. M., & Carmines, E. G. (1997). Reaching beyond race. PS: Political Science & Politics, 30(3), 466-471.</p><p>Solomos, J. (1996). Racism and society. Macmillan International Higher Education.</p><p>Spencer-Wood, S.M. (2016). Feminist theorizing of patriarchal colonialism, power dynamics, and social Aagency materialised in colonial institutions. Int J Histor Archaeol (2016) 20:477491.</p><p>Spivak. (1988). Can the subaltern speak? Can the subaltern speak? Reflections on the history of an idea, 21-78.</p><p>Spivak, G. (1988). Subaltern studies: Deconstructing historiography, in Ranajit Guha. Subaltern Studies: Writings on South Asian History and Society IV, 330-363.</p><p>Spivak, G. C. (1985). Subaltern studies: Deconstructing historiography, in Spivak. In other worlds: Essays in cultural politics. Routledge.</p><p>Spivak, G. C. (2016). Can the subaltern speak? (G. Riach Ed.): Macat International Limited.</p><p>Stolcke, V. (1994). Invaded women: Sex, race and class in the formation of colonial society. The European Journal of Development Research, 6(2), 7-21.</p><p>Stone, E. K. (2003). Good housekeeping: Single women and global feminism in J.M. Coetzees In the Heart of the Country. ARIEL: A Review of international English literature, 34(2-3).</p><p>Stratton, F. (2002). Imperial fictions: J.M. Coetzee's Disgrace. ARIEL: A Review of International English Literature, 33(3-4).</p><p>Terre Blanche, M. (2005). Non-violent conflict resolution and peacebuilding in South Africa: original contribution. African Safety Promotion, 3(1), 40-51.</p><p>Thompson, B. W. (1992). A way outa no way: Eating problems among African-American, Latina, and White women. Gender & Society, 6(4), 546-561.</p><p>Tiffin, H. (1987). Postcolonial literatures and counter-discourse. Kunapipi, 9(3), 17-34.</p><p>Tyagi, R. (2014). Understanding postcolonial feminism in relation with postcolonial and feminist theories. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 1(2), 45-50.</p><p>Tyson, L. (2014). Critical theory today: A user-friendly guide. Routledge.</p><p>Van Allen, J. (1975). Aba riots or the Igbo women's war? - Ideology, stratification and the invisibility of women. Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 6(1), 11-39.</p><p>Van den Berghe, P. L. (2001). Race and racism: A comparative perspective. New York: Wiley.</p><p>Wade, M. (1993). White on Black in South Africa: A study of English-Language inscriptions of skin colour. New York: Martins Press.</p><p>Waham, J. J., Othman, W. M., & Mohammad, I. (2019). Construction of White male hegemony in Coetzee's Waiting for Barbarians and Disgrace. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 4(3), 8-13.</p><p>Walder, D. (1990). Literature in the modern world: Critical essays and documents: Oxford University Press: Open University.</p><p>Walker, M. (2005). Rainbow nation or new racism? Theorizing race and identity formation in South African higher education. Race Ethnicity and Education, 8(2), 129-146.</p><p>Walsh, W. (1970). A manifold voice: Studies in Commonwealth Literature: Chatto & Windus.</p><p>Warren, K. W. (2011). What was African American literature? Harvard University Press.</p><p>Watson, S. (1996). Colonialism and the Novels of J.M. Coetzee. Critical perspectives on JM Coetzee (pp. 13-36). Springer.</p><p>Weitzer, R. (2010). Sex work: Paradigms and policies. Sex for sale: Prostitution, pornography, and the sex industry. 1-43.</p><p>Whisnant, R. (2009). Feminist perspectives on rape. Stanford University.</p><p>Willett, C. (2004). The social element: A phenomenology of racialized space and the limits of liberalism. Racism in Mind. 243-260.</p><p>Willett, C. (2012). Ground zero for a post-moral ethics in JM Coetzees Disgrace and Julia Kristevas melancholic. Continental Philosophy Review, 45(1), 1-22.</p><p>Wilson, W. J. (1999). The bridge over the racial divide: Rising inequality and coalition politics (Vol. 2). Univ. of California Press.</p><p>Wright, L. (2008). Displacing the voice: South African feminism and J.M. Coetzee's female narrators. African Studies, 67(1), 11-32.</p><p>Yegenoglu, M. (1998). Colonial fantasies: Towards a feminist reading of Orientalism: Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Zhou, S. (2020). Review and prospect of the research on Coetzees works. Frontiers in Art Research, 2(1), 26-32.</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p>

Similar Items