Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana kaedah pengajaran Total PhysicalResponse (TPR) dapat meningkatkan pencapaian pelajar menguasai kosa kata bahasaMandarin berbanding dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensio...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Tan, Hua An
Format:	thesis
Language:	zsm
Published:	2022
Subjects:	PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia Africa Oceania
Online Access:	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9323
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:9323
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection	UPSI Digital Repository
language	zsm
topic	PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia Africa Oceania
spellingShingle	PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia Africa Oceania Tan, Hua An Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
description	<p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana kaedah pengajaran Total Physical</p><p>Response (TPR) dapat meningkatkan pencapaian pelajar menguasai kosa kata bahasa</p><p>Mandarin berbanding dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensional. Selain itu, kajian ini</p><p>juga bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana kaedah pengajaran TPR dapat</p><p>meningkatkan kesan memori pelajar terhadap kosa kata bahasa Mandarin berbanding</p><p>dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensional. Reka bentuk kajian kuasi-eksperimen</p><p>digunakan dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini menggunakan ujian pra, ujian pasca, soal selidik</p><p>dan temubual sebagai instrumen. Responden kajian adalah pelajar universiti bukan</p><p>penutur natif bahasa Mandarin yang sedang mengikuti kursus bahasa Mandarin sebagai</p><p>bahasa asing pada peringkat permulaan. Sampel kajian dibahagi kepada dua kumpulan</p><p>iaitu 32 orang pelajar dalam kumpulan rawatan yang diajar dengan menggunakan</p><p>kaedah pengajaran TPR dan 32 orang pelajar dalam kumpulan kawalan yang diajar</p><p>dengan menggunakan kaedah pengajaran konvensional. Dalam ujian pasca tiga, nilai p</p><p>= 0.008 (p<0.05) menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam skor min</p><p>antara kesan penggunaan kaedah pengajaran TPR dan penggunaan kaedah pengajaran</p><p>konvensional dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bagi daya ingatan. Walaupun kedua-dua</p><p>kumpulan tidak berbeza pada ujian pasca pertama, namun kumpulan rawatan</p><p>menunjukkan prestasi yang lebih baik secara signifikan pada ujian pasca kedua dan</p><p>ketiga (p<0.05). Selain itu, penggunaan kaedah pengajaran TPR juga mendapat</p><p>persepsi positif daripada pelajar kumpulan rawatan melalui soal selidik dan temu bual</p><p>yang telah dijalankan. Secara keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahawa kaedah</p><p>pengajaran TPR adalah berkesan berbanding dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensional.</p><p>Pelajar dalam kumpulan rawatan mendapat keputusan yang lebih baik setelah</p><p>pelaksanaan kaedah pengajaran TPR. Implikasi daripada dapatan kajian ini adalah</p><p>kaedah pengajaran TPR dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin</p><p>dan ingatan pelajar terutamanya di peringkat permulaan di institusi pengajian tinggi.</p><p>Dengan pelaksanaan kajian ini, pengkaji berharap dapat memberi manfaat dan kebaikan</p><p>kepada warga pendidik dan penyelidik khususnya di peringkat pengajian tinggi.</p>
format	thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Tan, Hua An
author_facet	Tan, Hua An
author_sort	Tan, Hua An
title	Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
title_short	Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
title_full	Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
title_fullStr	Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
title_full_unstemmed	Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
title_sort	keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran total physical response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa mandarin sebagai bahasa asing
granting_institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department	Fakulti Bahasa dan Komunikasi
publishDate	2022
url	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9323
_version_	1776104618023976960
spelling	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:93232023-08-11 Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing 2022 Tan, Hua An PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania <p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana kaedah pengajaran Total Physical</p><p>Response (TPR) dapat meningkatkan pencapaian pelajar menguasai kosa kata bahasa</p><p>Mandarin berbanding dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensional. Selain itu, kajian ini</p><p>juga bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana kaedah pengajaran TPR dapat</p><p>meningkatkan kesan memori pelajar terhadap kosa kata bahasa Mandarin berbanding</p><p>dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensional. Reka bentuk kajian kuasi-eksperimen</p><p>digunakan dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini menggunakan ujian pra, ujian pasca, soal selidik</p><p>dan temubual sebagai instrumen. Responden kajian adalah pelajar universiti bukan</p><p>penutur natif bahasa Mandarin yang sedang mengikuti kursus bahasa Mandarin sebagai</p><p>bahasa asing pada peringkat permulaan. Sampel kajian dibahagi kepada dua kumpulan</p><p>iaitu 32 orang pelajar dalam kumpulan rawatan yang diajar dengan menggunakan</p><p>kaedah pengajaran TPR dan 32 orang pelajar dalam kumpulan kawalan yang diajar</p><p>dengan menggunakan kaedah pengajaran konvensional. Dalam ujian pasca tiga, nilai p</p><p>= 0.008 (p<0.05) menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam skor min</p><p>antara kesan penggunaan kaedah pengajaran TPR dan penggunaan kaedah pengajaran</p><p>konvensional dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bagi daya ingatan. Walaupun kedua-dua</p><p>kumpulan tidak berbeza pada ujian pasca pertama, namun kumpulan rawatan</p><p>menunjukkan prestasi yang lebih baik secara signifikan pada ujian pasca kedua dan</p><p>ketiga (p<0.05). Selain itu, penggunaan kaedah pengajaran TPR juga mendapat</p><p>persepsi positif daripada pelajar kumpulan rawatan melalui soal selidik dan temu bual</p><p>yang telah dijalankan. Secara keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahawa kaedah</p><p>pengajaran TPR adalah berkesan berbanding dengan kaedah pengajaran konvensional.</p><p>Pelajar dalam kumpulan rawatan mendapat keputusan yang lebih baik setelah</p><p>pelaksanaan kaedah pengajaran TPR. Implikasi daripada dapatan kajian ini adalah</p><p>kaedah pengajaran TPR dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin</p><p>dan ingatan pelajar terutamanya di peringkat permulaan di institusi pengajian tinggi.</p><p>Dengan pelaksanaan kajian ini, pengkaji berharap dapat memberi manfaat dan kebaikan</p><p>kepada warga pendidik dan penyelidik khususnya di peringkat pengajian tinggi.</p> 2022 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9323 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9323 text zsm closedAccess Masters Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Bahasa dan Komunikasi <p>An, W. F. (2010). Quanshen Fanying Fa Shuping. Dazhong Wenyi, 3, 182-183.</p><p>Anna, Y. W. (1983). A Comparison of the Audio-Lingual Approach and the Total Physical Response Approach to Teaching English as a Second Language to Third-Grade Chinese Students. The University of San Francisco. </p><p>Arnold, J. (2005). Affect in Language Learning. UK: Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Asher, J. J. (1965). The Strategy of the Total Physical Response: An Application to Learning Russian. International Review of Applied Linguistics, 3(4), 291-300.</p><p>Asher, J. J. & Price, B. S. (1967). The learning strategy of the total physical response: some age differences. Child Development, 3(8), 1219-1227.</p><p>Asher, J. J. (1982). Learning Another Language Through Actions: The Complete Teachers Guidebook. Los Gatos, CA: Sky Oaks Productions.</p><p>Asher, J. J. (1993). Learning Another Language Through Actions (4th Edition). Los Gatos, CA: Sky Oaks Productions.</p><p>Asher, J. J. (2007). TPR: After Forty Years, Still a Very Good Idea. http://www.tpr-world.com/mm5/TPRarticles/TPR_after_forty.pdf.</p><p>Asher, J. J. (2009). Learning Another Language Through Actions (7th Edition). Los Gatos, CA: Sky Oaks Productions.</p><p>Baker, C. (1992). Attitudes and language. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.</p><p>Bai, X. F. (2017). An Experimental Study of the English Vocabulary Teaching in Primary School Based on TPR. Hebei Normal University.</p><p>Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (5th Edition). New York: Pearson Longman.</p><p>Cao, L. N. (2017). An Application of Total Physical Response Approach in Primary School English Teaching. Shaanxi Normal University.</p><p>Chen, C. L. (2005). Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoxue Gailun. Shanghai: Fudan Press.</p><p>Chen, F. (2008). Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoxue Fa. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company.</p><p>Chen, X. Y. (2013). The Application of Total Physical Response Method in Aural and Oral Learning of Chinese to Children in the Philippines Context. Guangxi University for Nationalities.</p><p>Cheng, S. H. & Lai, C. (2009). Kamus Perdana Edisi Ketiga. Selangor: United Publishing House (M) Sdn. Bhd.</p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah dan Statistik Penyelidikan: Buku 1 Kaedah Penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill.</p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2012). Kaedah dan Statistik Penyelidikan: Buku 2 Asas Statistik Penyelidikan (Edisi Kedua). Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill.</p><p>David E. W. (1982). Integrating Total Physical Response Strategy in a Level I Spanish Class. Foreign Language Annals,14 (4). 273-280.</p><p>Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (2007). Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. Kuala Lumpur.</p><p>Diana Fauzia Sari, Evriani Rotua Gea & Dian Fajrina (2021). The Listening Skill of Autistic Students in Learning English through Total Physical Response. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(1), 34-46.</p><p>Dong, G. F. & Fan, C. Z. (2007). Vocabulary Instruction by Virtue of the Three Stages of Memory. Journal of Northeastern University (Social Science), 9(3), 267-270. </p><p>Du, J. Y. (2011). TPR Teaching Methods Used on Mandarin Class. Shanghai Normal University.</p><p>Fan, C. D. (2018). Renwu Xing Quanshen Fanying Fa Zai Hanyu Duanqi Ban De Jiaoxue Sheji. Yangzhou Daxue.</p><p>Gardner, R. & MacIntyre, P. (1993). A Pupil's Contributions to Second-Language Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993a). On the measurement of affective variables in second language learning. Language Learning. 43(2), 157-194.</p><p>Gong, X. L. (2011). A Study on the Application of Total Physical Response to Teaching Children English. Central China Normal University.</p><p>Guo, J. R. (2017). Research on the Application of TPR Teaching Methods in the Lower Grades English Teaching in Primary Schools Taking Primary School D in County C as an example. Tianshui Normal University.</p><p>Guo, X. C. (2009). Total Physical Response and English Teaching of China. Journal of Guilin Normal College, 23 (1), 112-115.</p><p>Hatch, E. & Brown, C. (1995). Vocabulary, Semantics, and Language Education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Hayward, L. A. & Sparkes, J. J. (1982). Cassels English Dictionary. London: Cassel.</p><p>He, E. N. (2018). The Teaching Exploration of Acting and Speaking Synchronously Totally Physical Response Taking Phaiboonvittaya School for Example. Guangxi Normal University. </p><p>Hornby, A. S. (1995). Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English (5th Edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.</p><p>Horwitz, E. K. (2001). Language anxiety and achievement. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 2(1), 112-126.</p><p>Hou, B. R. (2013). Application Research of Listening and Speaking Skills Training of Compound Teaching Method that Combined Function Method with Systemic Reaction Method in Chinese Teaching of the Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University of Thailand. Guangxi Daxue.</p><p>Hsu, C. C. (2013). Effects of Integrating Total Physical Response into Kinect Technology on Learning English Vocabulary. National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.</p><p>Huang, T. (2014). On the Theoretical Foundation of Total Physical Response. The Science Education Article Collects, 14, 30-31.</p><p>Huang, Y. N. & Wang, X.W. (2009). Application of TPR in Young Learners English Teaching. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (Social Science Edition), 5, 79-81.</p><p>Hwang, W. Y., Shih, T. K., Yeh, S. C., Chou, K. C., Ma, Z. H. & Sommool, W. (2014). Recognition-Based Physical Response to Facilitate EFL Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 17(4), 432-445.</p><p>Ibu Pejabat Institut Konfucius/Hanban. (2018, September). Laporan Pembangunan Tahunan Institut Konfucius Tahun 2013. http://www.hanban.edu.cn/report/pdf/2013.pdf.</p><p>Ibu Pejabat Institut Konfucius/Hanban. (2018, September). Laporan Pembangunan Tahunan Institut Konfucius Tahun 2017. http://www.hanban.org/report/2017.pdf.</p><p>Inga, D. (2012). Translation as a learning method in English language teaching. Studies About Languages, 21, 124-129.</p><p>Jamil Ahmad. (2002) Pemupukan Budaya Penyelidikan Di Kalangan Guru Sekolah: Satu Penilaian. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p>Jiang, L. P. (2008). Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoxue Lun. Beijing: Beijing Language and Culture University Press Co. Ltd.</p><p>Jin, S. (2017). The Analysis of the Applicability of TPR Method in Chinese Classess in Thai Middle School - A Case Study of Duangmuang Chaturachinda School in Thailand. Yunnan University.</p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2018, September). Senarai terkini IPTS berdaftar di Malaysia 2015. http://www.hasrulhassan.com/2015/02/senarai-terkini-ipts-berdaftar-malaysia-2015.html.</p><p>Krishnavani Anmal Govindan Nair, Suppiah Nachiappan & Wong, K.T. (2017). Integrating English with Total Physical Response for Pre-schoolersCognitive Development. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers & Teacher Education. 7, 46-57.</p><p>Kunihira, S. & Asher, J. J. (1965). The Strategy of the Total Physical Response: An Application to Learning Japanese. IRAL 3(4). 277-289.</p><p>Laman Sesawang Rasmi Universiti Kuala Lumpur. (2018, September 12) https://www.unikl.edu.my/about-us/.</p><p>Lam, K.C., Ang L. H., Damien, M., & Hoe, F. T. (2017). The Use of Translation Approach in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language Classroom: What Say You, Teachers? Overseas Chinese Education, 10, 1411-1420.</p><p>Larsen-Freeman, D. (2000). Techniques and principles in language teaching. Oxford University Press.</p><p>Lee, C. C. (2007). Analisis Kesilapan Sintaksis di Kalangan Pelajar Melayu Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Mandarin. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Li, X. Q. (2006). Duiwai Hanyu Zonghe Ke Jiaoxue Yanjiu. Beijing: The Commercial Press.</p><p>Li, Z. & Jiang, L.P. (2008). Zenyang Jiao Waiguo Ren Hanyu. Beijing: Beijing Language and Culture University Press.</p><p>Liew, H. N. (2017a). Malaixiya Gaoxiao Hanyu Zuowei Eryu Jiaoxue Fa Yanjiu. Minzu University of China.</p><p>Liew, H. N. (2017b). Malaixiya Gaoxiao Hanyu Ketang Zhenshi Jiaoji Shuchu Xiaoguo Wenti Tantao. Xiandai Yuwen, 7, 148-149. </p><p>Lin, M. C. (2015). TPR Zai Chuji Hanyu Kouyu Jiaoxue Zhong De Yingyong. Reading Digest, 2, 67-68.</p><p>Lin, M. T. (2017). The Development in Mastering Mandarin Language Vocabulary for Beginner Students in Hasanuddin University using TPR (Total Physical Response) Method. Nanchang University.</p><p>Liu, X. (2000). Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoyu Xue Yin Lun. Beijing: Beijing Language and Culture University Press Co. Ltd.</p><p>Liu, L. (2014). The Research of Total Physical Response of Chinese Teaching in South Koreas High School -The Teaching Design of South Korea of Mokpo First Girls High School. Shandong Normal University.</p><p>Liu, Y. (2017). Practice and Reflection of Total Physical Response in Overseas Chinese Teaching in Primary and Middle Schools: Taking Vidin School in Bulgaria as an Example. Beijing Foreign Studies University.</p><p>Liu, Y. Y. (2013). Mind Mapping and Chinese Characters Teaching of TCSL. Shenyang Liaoning University.</p><p>Liu, Z. Q. (2013). Guoji Hanyu: Cihui Yu Cihui Jiaoxue. Beijing: Higher Education Press. .</p><p>Loi H. K. & Tan H. A. (2017). Learn Mandarin 1. Selangor: Cengage Learning Asia Pte. Ltd.</p><p>Loi H. K. & Tan H. A. (2017). Learn Mandarin 2. Selangor: Cengage Learning Asia Pte. Ltd.</p><p>Lu, J. M. (2000). Duihai Hanyu Jiaoxue Zhong De Yufa Jiaoxue. Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies, 3, 1-2.</p><p>Lu, X. Y. (2017). TPR Jiaoxue Fa Zai Zhongxue Yingyu Kouyu Jiaoxue Zhong De Yingyong Yu Shijian. Learning Weekly, 33, 125-126.</p><p>Lv, S. Y. (2016). An Empirical Study on the Application of the TPR Approach to English Vocabulary Teaching in Primary Schools. Hunan Normal University.</p><p>Lv, Z. Y. (2018). The Research of Total Physical Response of Chinese Teaching in New Zealand School Take Kaharoa School for Example. Jilin University.</p><p>MacIntyre, P. D. (1998). Language anxiety: A review of the research for language teachers. In D. J. Young (Ed.), Affect in foreign language and second language learning. Boston: McGraw-Hill.</p><p>Malaysiakini (2020). Kian ramai golongan muda Melayu belajar Mandarin sebagai bahasa ketiga. https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/542496 </p><p>Maznah Hassan. (1988). The Teaching of Listening Skill in Total Physical Response. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p>McMullin, John Joseph (1988). The Effects of Gender and the Total Physical Response Strategy on the Retention of French Commands by Seventh-grade Black Students. Temple University.</p><p>Mohd Majid Konting (2009). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p>Mohd Zuri Ghani & Norr Huziza Hanim Mohd Ghous (2014). The Effectiveness of Total Physical Response (TPR) Approach in Helping Slow Young Learners with Low Achievement Acquire English as a Second Language. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences,4(6).</p><p>Nanyang Siang Pau. (2007, Mei 14). Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi Menyokong Penubuhan Institut Konfusius. A5.</p><p>Nunnally, J.C., & Bernstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.</p><p>Nurindrianingsih (2013). The Effect of the TPR (Total Physical Response) Method on English Learning Outcomes on the Subject Matter of Third Grade Students of MI Badrussalam Surabaya. Jurnal Mahasiswa Teknologi Pendidikan, 4(1), 1-10.</p><p>Online BH (2018). Mahir bahasa asing buka lebih peluang kerja. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2018/03/396747/mahir-bahasa-asing-buka-lebih-peluang-kerja </p><p>Pan, B. S. (2011). Malaixiya Huayu De Chuanbo Yu Fazhan-----Duiwai Hanyu (Huayu Ban) Zai Guoli Daxue Xianzhuang Diaocha Baogao. Hanyu Jiaoxue Xuekan, 7.</p><p>Peng, J. (2018). Application of TPR in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language Take Xicang Middle School in South Korea as an Example. Hunan University.</p><p>Peng, Z. F. (2016). The Research of Total Physical Response of Chinese Teaching in Thailand High School-Take Phitsanulok Nakhonthai School for Example. Northwest Normal University.</p><p>Qiao, H. (2015). Application of TPR Method of Chinese Teaching in Italian Primary School. Beijing Foreign Studies University.</p><p>Ramiro, G. (2007). Instructors Notebook How to Apply TPR for Best Results (4th Edition), Los Gatos, CA: Sky Oaks Productions, Inc.</p><p>Richards, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S. (2001) Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching (2nd Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Richards, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S. (2007). Approaches And Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press</p><p>Richard, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S (2014). Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</p><p>Shi, T. (2018). A study of the TPR method in the teaching of English to primary school students. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 8(8), 1087-1093.</p><p>Shi, Y. W. (2020). Duiwai Hanyu Shi Shenme. Yao Wen Jiao Zi. Shanghai: Shanghai Century Publishing Group.</p><p>Sinchew Daily (2017). Hanyu Re Dao Ou Mei Zhongchan Jiating. https://www.sinchew.com.my/content/content_1701264.html</p><p>Sinchew Daily (2021). Lianguo Shijie lvyou Zuzhi Jiang Zhongwen Lie Guanfang Yuyan. https://www.sinchew.com.my/content/content_2430830.html</p><p>Siti Aisyah. (2007). Applying Natural and Total Physical Response Method into an English-Learning Courseware Development. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Sufean Hussin. (1995). The Art of Research and Dissertation Writing for the Humanities and Arts. Pahang: Asas Tunas Publication.</p><p>Sun, D. J. (2006). Duiwai Hanyu Cihui Ji Cihui Jiaoxue Yanjiu. Beijing: The Commercial Press.</p><p>Sun, J. Y. (2019). Application of Total Physical Response in Chinese Vocabulary Teaching at New Zealand Primary School. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. </p><p>Sun, Q. (2016). A Study on the Application of TPR to English Teaching in the Kindergarten. Changchun Normal University.</p><p>Tan, T. L. & Norul Haida Reduzan. (2013). Kata Ganti Nama Diri Orang dalam Bahasa Cina dan Bahasa Melayu: Satu Analisis Kontrastif. Pendeta: Jurnal Bahasa, Pendidikan dan Sastera Melayu, 4, 162-179.</p><p>Teh, H. S. (2015). Kesejajaran Kurikulum Bahasa Mandarin Dan Pelaksanaannya Di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Tian, D. J. (2014). Qian xi Quanshen Fanying Fa Zai Daxue Yingyu Jiaoxue Zhong De Yingyong. Overseas English, 9, 61-62.</p><p>Uthaya Kumar, S. & Sandaran, S. C. (2018). Use of Action Songs and Total Physical Response to Promote the Development of Listening Skills among Year 4, Low Enrolment-Tamil Vernacular Primary School Students in Malaysia. LSP International Journal, 5 (2), 7790.</p><p>Wang, J. Y. (2018). Total Physical Response Applying to Chinese Teaching in New Zealand Primary School. Huazhong University of Science and Technology. </p><p>Wei, X. (2014). TPR Jiaoxue Fa Zai Chuji Hanyu Kouyu Ketang Jiaoxue Zhong De Yingyong Yanjiu. Xian International Studies University.</p><p>Weiner, J. (2007). Measurement: Reliability and Validity Measures. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, School of Public Health.</p><p>Wu, Q. (2019). The Application and Research of Total Physical Response in Elementary Chinese Teaching Procedures in Chile-Illustrated by the Example of Santo Tomas Confucius Institute in Chile. Anhui University.</p><p>Xiao, Y. J. (2019). The Application of Total Physical Response in Chinese Course of Primary School of Thai Church Chinese School. Guangxi University.</p><p>Xie J. J. (2017). The Application Research of the TPR Didactics Combining with 5C Immersion Chinese Teaching ----- Take American Iltexas Westpart Elementary School as an Example. Guangxi Daxue.</p><p>Yang, M. R. (2019). The Application of Systemic Reaction Method in the Elementary Chinese Comprehensive Course-Taking the Pakistani Medical Prep Class in Hebei University as an Example. Hebei University. </p><p>Yang, Y. (2011). Quanshen Fanying Fa Zai Shaoer Yingyu Jiaoxue Zhong De Yunyong. College English, 8, 202-205.</p><p>Yang, Y. (2016). The Study of Total Physical Response Applying to Chinese Teaching for Georgian Pupils Taking the 99 Public School as Example. Lanzhou University.</p><p>Yuli Astutik, Fika Megawati & Choirun Nisak Aulina. (2019). Total Physical Response (TPR): How Is It Used to Teach EFL Young Learners. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. 18, 92-103. </p><p>Zhang, H. S. (2006). Duiwai Hanyu Ketang Jiaoxue Jiqiao Yanjiu. Beijing: The Commercial Press.</p><p>Zhang, M. (2018). Qian Xi TPR Jiaoxue Fa Zai Sudan Hanyu Jiaoxue Chuji Ketang Zhong De Shiyong Xing. Technology and Economic Guide, 3, 92-93.</p><p>Zhang, X. W. (2014). Research on the Application of TPR Didactics to Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. Henan University.</p><p>Zhang, Y. (2012). The Application Research of TPR Teaching Method in Chinese Teaching for Foreigner: Take Primary Chinese Teaching in Confucius Institute at University of Khartoum as an Example. Northwest Normal University.</p><p>Zhao, J. M. (2014). Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoxue Gailun. Beijing: The Commercial Press.</p><p>Zhao, N. (2018). Qian Tan Hanyu Ketang Zhong De Quanshen Fanying Fa. Yangtze River Series, 9, 90-91.</p><p>Zhao, Y. R. (1980). Yuyan Wenti. Beijing: The Commercial Press.</p><p>Zhou, J., Peng, X. C., & Zhang J. (2004). Hanyu Jiaoxue Fa Yanxiu Jiaocheng. Beijing: Peoples Education Press.</p><p>Zhou, X. B. (2016). Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoxue Daolun. Beijing: The Commercial Press.</p><p>Zhou, X. B. (2017). The Guidance of Teaching Chinese to Speakers of Other Languages. Guangzhou: Sun Yat-sen University Press.</p><p>Zhu, Z. P. (2007). Hanyu Dier Yuyan Jiaoxue Lilun Gaiyao. Beijing: Peking University Press.</p><p></p>

Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran Total Physical Response dalam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing

Similar Items